1937年中日戰爭爆發後，國家軍需孔急，經濟困難漸趨明顯，可提供大量軍務原料與經濟效益的林業資源，遂被視為支撐戰時經濟建設的焦點之一。為了妥善供給軍需資源，密切配合戰爭發展，如何深入掌握全國林業發展，善加利用林材，自然成為中樞關切要事。抗戰時期所成立的中央林業實驗所，即負責擬定各種林業政策，並施行大規模的林業調查與推廣教育，用以協助國家渡過兵燹，成為抗戰時期林業發展的關鍵。本文即希冀藉由原始檔案，探究中林所於抗戰時期所規劃的相關林業措施，瞭解其歷史意涵，藉以重新審視中國林業史的發展脈絡。

After the Sino-Japanese War was broken in 1937, the government pressed for a large number of military goods. Obviously, the economics situation becomes more and more difficult. And the forestry, which can provide the large numbers of military goods and economical profit, was becoming a part of importance to support the economic construction. For supplying the military demand and cooperate to the development of war properly, how to command the forestry development all over the country deeply and to utilize the forestry materiel well is becoming the most importance for the government. The National Forestry Research Bureau, which is established on the war period to manage the forestry policy and execute the big-scale of forestry investigation. It also helps government to pass the war period and it becomes the point on the Sino-forestry development. As a reason, this essay is trying to research the activity and to understand the meaning of history about the National Forestry Research Bureau. And then, we can scan the development on the history of China forestry and to find the perspective on the history of forestry.