本研究主要在於探討回歸在普通班級中聽障兒童，國語塞擦音的清晰
度，分別從聽知覺 的評量和聲學特質的分析二方面，探討聽障兒童國語
塞擦音的清晰度表現。茲以自編「國 語塞擦音語單」、「國語塞擦音發
音清晰度評量表」和Dr. Speech & Real Speech語音分 析軟體為研究工
具，以台南市八十六度學年度回歸在普通班級之聽障兒童十六名，及聽常
學生三十五名為研究對象，進行聽障兒童國語塞擦音的發音清晰度、聽辨
正確度、影響塞 擦音發音清晰度的背景因素，和建立聽常兒童塞擦音的
聲學特質，並將聽障兒童塞擦音聲 學特質，與聽常兒童塞擦音聲學特質
加以比較，以進一步說明聽障兒童國語塞擦音的發音 清晰度情形；而後
以多元迴歸統計分析，探討對聽障兒童國語塞擦音發音清晰度，最具有
預測力的聲學特質，期以研究結果提供啟聰教育教師教學上，及聽障兒童
語音研究上的參 考。茲將本研究主要發現歸納如下：壹、 聽障兒童國
語塞擦音的聽知覺分析方面一、聽 障兒童國語塞擦音發音清晰度聽障
兒童整體國語塞擦音的發音清晰度為36.8%，其中塞擦 音節清晰度最好
，語詞次之，音素再次之；就構音位置來看，舌面音的發音清度優於捲舌
音，再優於舌尖音；在送氣與否方面，不送氣發音清晰度比送氣音好。二
、聽障兒童國語 塞擦音聽辨正確度聽障兒童整體國語塞擦音的聽辨正確
度為28.1%，其塞擦音素聽辨正確 度為35.9%，塞擦音節為24.5%，塞擦
語詞為25.9%，塞擦音素聽辨正確度最高；以構音方 式言之，整體塞擦
音舌面音的聽辨正確度最好，次為舌尖音，再次為捲舌音；在送氣與否
的聽辨上，不送氣音的平均聽辨正確度比送氣音高。三、聽障兒童"聽"
與"說"國語塞擦音 的關聯聽障兒童"聽"與"說"國語塞擦音的相關值
為.35，達統計上.01顯著水準。影響聽障 兒童國語塞擦音發音清晰度的
背景因素對聽障兒童塞擦音的發音清晰度，最具影響力的是 塞擦音的聽
辨力，遞次為優耳聽閾、學前聽語訓練時間、年齡和助聽器配戴時間。此
五項 因素的解釋變異量達64.1%。貳、聽障兒童國語塞擦音的聲學特質
聽障兒童塞擦音發音不 清晰的聲學特質如下：1、塞擦音素沖直條出現
率較低；2、塞擦音素嗓音起始時間較長分 佈範圍較為分散；3、塞擦音
素擦噪音段上升時間較長變異性較大；4、塞擦音素擦噪音段 能量最大
與最小頻率差距較小；5、塞擦音節的F0、F1、F2、F2-F1值較為分散;6、
詞首嗓 音起始時間比較短；7、詞尾嗓音起始時間比較長，未能區分出
語音送氣與否；8、閉合時 間較短。參、影響聽障兒童國語塞擦音發音
清晰度的聲學特質最能預測聽障兒童發音清晰 度的聲學變項，是塞擦音
素擦噪音段能量最小頻率值，遞次為塞擦音節的基礎頻率、母音 空間、
詞首嗓音起始時間、和塞擦音素擦噪音段能量最大頻率值。此五項聲學特
質對聽障 兒童塞擦音發音清晰度的解釋變異量為85.7%，而且相關聯程
度達統計.001的顯著水準。 本研究除了討論上述研究結果，並提出在特
殊教育、臨床教學，與進一步研究的建議。

The study aims to explore mainstreamed hearing-impaired
students'' intelligibility on Mandarin affricates from two
point of views：hearing perception and acoustic
characteristics. The researcher-made Mandarin Affricates Word
List, Mandarin Affricates Intelligibility Evaluation Form, and
commercial Dr. Speech & Real Speech software were served as
measurements. The samples were 16 hearing-impaired children who
were mainstreamed into regular classrooms and 35 normal
hearing children. Affricates pronounced intelligibility of
hearing- impaired children, correctness of hearing
discrimination of Mandarin affricates, and related factors were
explored. Besides, acoustics characteristics were examined
between students with and without hearing impairments, and
factors predicting acoustics characteristics of hearing
impaired student'' intelligibility of Mandarin affricates were
explored. The results were as follows： (1)、Hearing
perception of hearing impaired student'' Mandarin affricates.
Result of the study showed that (a)、The overall intelligibility
of hearing impaired students'' Mandarin affricates is 36.8%；
best in syllables then words, then phonemes；regarding the
place of articulation, best in alveolo-palatal, then
retroflex, then apical-dental；better unaspiration than
aspiration. (b)、 Overall correctness of hearing impaired
student'' hearing discrimination of Mandarin affricates is
28.1%；correctness of affricates is best phonemes,35.9% ；then
syllables, 24.5%；then words,25.9%. Regarding the place of
articulation, the affricate is better alveolo-palatal than
apical-dental, and then retroflex, the unaspiration are better
than aspiration ones. (c)、The correclation coefficient
between hearing and speaking Mandarin affricates is .35 (p<.01).
(d)、Using step wise regression statistics, from high to low
rank, are： correctness of hearing discrimination, better-ear
hearing threshould, preschool aural-oral training period, age,
and time of wearing hearing aids；these factors could predict
64.1% of total variance. (2)、Acoustic characteristics of
hearing impaired student'' Mandarin affricates. Acoustics
characteristics of unintelligible affricates pronounced by
hearing impaired student are shown below：(a)、Affricate
phonemes have a lower rate of release burst of on set. (b)、
Affricate phonemes axhibit a longer voice onset time(VOT) and
wider range. (c)、The rise time of fricative noise of affricate
phonemes is longer, and the variation is larger. (d)、There is a
smaller difference between the maximum and minimun frequency of
energy in the fricative noise of affricate phonemes. (e)、The
fundamental frequency(F0), F1, F2, and F2-F1 values of
affricate syllables are in a wider range. (f)、The VOT of
initial words is shorter. (g)、The VOT of ending-words is
longer, and the aspiration-unaspiration of voice cannot be
distinguished.(i)、The closure durationis shorter. (3)、
Factors predicting acoustic charactics of hearing impaired
student'' intelligility of Mandarin affricates, from high to
low rank, incude: (a)、 minimum frequency of energy in the
fricative noise of affricate phonemes, fundamental frequency
of affricate syllables, space of vowels, voice onset times of
initial words, and maximum frequency of energy in the fricative
noise of affricate phonemes. These five variables could
explain 85.7% of total variance (p.<.001). Based on
result findings suggestions are made for special educators,
clinical professionals, and further interested researchers''
references.