:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:高職特殊教育班學生家庭環境因素與其適應行為之相關性研究
作者:郭春在
作者(外文):Kuo, Chuen-tzay
校院名稱:彰化師範大學
系所名稱:特殊教育研究所
指導教授:許天威
徐享良
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2001
主題關鍵詞:家庭環境家庭氣氛適應行為Family EnvironmentFamily ClimateAdaptive Behaviors
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(4) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:89
高職特殊教育班學生家庭環境因素與其適應行為之相關性研究
指導教授 : 許天威 博士
徐享良 博士
研究生 : 郭春在
摘 要
本研究以立意取樣及隨機取樣選取臺灣地區公私立高級職業學校特殊教育班輕度智能障礙學生363位學生為樣本,利用「家庭環境因素量表」與「白沙適應行為量表」為研究工具,探討高職特殊教育班學生家庭環境因素與適應行為之相關情形。運用分析資料的統計方法包括單因子變異數分析、皮爾遜積差相關分析、多元逐步迴歸分析、典型相關、及結構方程模式徑路分析,獲得如下研究結果:
一、不同家庭結構、不同手足人數、與不同社經地位,其家庭氣氛整體上均有顯著差異。而在家庭氣氛各變項的分析,僅不同家庭結構在「家庭學習環境」變項及不同社經地位在「親子關係」與「學習環境」兩個變項有顯著差異。
二、不同家庭結構、不同手足人數、與不同社經地位,其適應行為的表現,整體上均有顯著差異。而在適應行為各變項的分析,僅不同家庭結構在適應行為「責任感」、「工作能力」、「自主能力」及「溝通能力」四個變項上,完整家庭高於不完整家庭;
三、不同家庭氣氛包括父母關係、親子關係、親子溝通、手足關係、家庭常規、及學習環境等六個層面上,在適應行為各變項(包括責任感、認知能力、工作能力、自主能力、社會能力、及溝通能力)六個層面的表現均有顯著差異;而不同家庭氣氛中「父母參與」的變項,在適應行為各變項中,僅「溝通能力」一項沒有顯著差異。
四、整體家庭氣氛及家庭氣氛各變項與適應行為各變項均有顯著相關。
五、家庭氣氛中「父母關係」對適應行為中的工作能力有顯著預測力;「親子關係」對工作能力與自主能力有顯著預測力;「親子溝通」對責任感有顯著預測力;「手足關係」對社會能力與溝通能力有顯著預測力;「家庭常規」對責任感、認知能力、自主能力、社會能力與溝通能力有顯著預測力。
六、家庭氣氛變數(包含父母關係、親子關係、親子溝通、父母參與、手足關係、家庭常規、及學習環境)透過第一個典型因素影響到適應行為變數,可解釋適應行為變項變異量的25.4%。另家庭氣氛變數(包含父母關係、親子關係、父母參與、手足關係、及家庭常規) 透過第二個典型因素影響到適應行為變數,可解釋適應行為變項變異量的16.3%。
七、高職特教班學生家庭氣氛直接正向影響適應行為。亦即高職特教班學生家庭背景因素係透過家庭氣氛,再間接影響適應行為。
本研究依據研究發現提出促進高職特教班學生家庭和諧以及促進其適應行為之建議。
A Study of the Relations of the Family Environment Factor and the Adaptive Behavior of Students in the Special Classes for the Mentally Retarded in Senior Hight Vocational Schools
Supervisor:Sheu,Tian-Way Ph.D.
Shyu, Shan-Lian Ph.D.
Investigator:Kuo Chun-tsai
Abstract
Making use of purposive sampling and random sampling in this research, there were 363 samples of mildly retarded students from the special classes in the public and private senior hight vocational schools in Taiwan. The research explored the relations of the family environment factor and the adaptive behavior by using research tools of the Family Environment Factor Scale Form made by myself, and of the Bai Sha Adaptive Behavior Scale edited by Dr. Shyu, Shan-Lian . The statistical methods of ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation analysis, stepwise regression, canonical correlation, and structural equation modeling path analysis were used for data analysis. The research results were as following:
1.There was significant difference in the family climate betwween the students with different family structure, different numbers of siblings, and different socio - economic status. And according to the analysis from the scale of family climate, different family structure on the variable of family learning environment made a significant difference, and different socio- economic status on two variables: parent- child relationship and learning environment, made a significant difference too.
2.Their performance of adaptive behaviors in general showed obvious difference because of their different family structure, different numbers of siblings , and different socio- economic status. According to the analysis of those scale forms, different families structure on four variables of adaptive behavior:responsibility, working abilities, autonomy, and communicative abilities,.those who had whole family got better performance than those who had broken family.
3.Their different family climate with six dimensions:different marital relationship, parent- child relationship, parent- child communication, siblings relationship, home discipline, and learning environment, made the performances of adaptive behavior scale(including responsibility, cognitive abilities, working abilities, autonomy, social abilities, and communicative abilities.)different significantly. In the dimension of different parent involvement, only one scale:communicative abilities, which did not show different significantly.
4.The entirel family climate and the variable items of family climate had been significantly related with adaptive behaviors.
5.In family climate,”marital relationship “was significantly predicted to working ability of adaptive behavior. In “parent-child relationship”, was significantly predicted to working ability and autonomy. The “parent-child communication”, was significantly predicted to responsibility. ”sibling relationship “was significantly predicted to social ability and communicative ability.The “home discipline” was significantly predicted to responsibility, cognitive ability, autonomy, social ability and communicative ability.
6.The variable of family climate(including marital relationship, parent- child relationship, parent- child communication, parent involvement , home discipline , and learning environment)by the first typical factor χ1, effected parameter γ of adaptive behavior, that could explain 25.4% variety amount of variables of adaptive behavior. The other variable of family climate(including marital relationship, , parent- child relationship,parent involvement , siblings relationship, home discipline)by the second typical factor χ2 ,effected parameter γ of adaptive behavior, and that could explain 16.3% variety amount of variables of adaptive behavior.
7.The students in classes of special education in senior vocational schools, their family climate directly affected adaptive behavior. That was to say, through the family climate, the students’ family background factors affected adaptive behavior indirectly.
The way to enhance the family environment and to improve the adaptive was recommended on the basis of research outcomes.
參考書目
壹、中文部分
王天苗(民83):心智發展障礙幼兒家庭狀況之研究。特教研究學刊,9期,73-90。new window
王沂釗(民83):家庭結構、家庭關係與青少年生活適應之分析研究。彰師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
王朝茂(民79):社會支持與人際關係之研究。高師教育文粹,20期,230-247。
王珮玲(民81):兒童氣質、父母教養方式與兒童社會能力關係之研究。政大教育研究所博士論文。new window
王鍾和(民82):家庭結構、父母管教方式與子女行為表現。政大教育研究所博士論文。new window
甘夢龍(民82):我國國小學生行為困擾鄉相關因素之研究。南師院學報,26期,25-52。new window
朱昆中(民85):青少年所知覺的親子溝通與自我概念、生活適應之相關研究。彰師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
余巧芸(民86):從兒童手足關係探討促進家庭教育功能措施。謝秀芬編:爭議年代中家庭福利與家庭政策論文集。東吳社會學系,65-117。
吳永裕(民86):單親兒童之親子關係、行為困擾與學習適應之研究。北師院國民教育研究所碩士論文。
吳佳玲(民84): 家庭結構、親子互動與青少年子女行為表現之研究。文化家政研究所碩士論文。
吳秋雯(民85):手足變項、父母教養態度與子女攻擊行為之相關研究。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。new window
吳就君(民80):家族治療入門。台北:大洋。
吳新華(民80):國小學童生活適應量表編製報告。國立臺台南師院學報,24,125-16O。new window
吳新華(民82):小朋友快樂嗎?國小學童生活適應問題之研究。國教之友,44(3),27-36。new window
吳武典(民73):家有智障者。父母怎麼辦?--幫助智障者的家庭自我調適。特教季刊,14期,3-9。
吳武典和林繼盛(民74):加強家庭聯繫對兒童學習效果與家庭氣氛的影響。教育心理學報,118,97-116。
吳國淳(民85):家庭環境與學校學習。台北:五南。
李安妮(民77):家庭與不良少年行為。中央研究院三民主義研究所台灣社會現象學術研討會,台北:南港。
李美瑩(民83):學齡兒童氣質、家庭氣氛與學業成績之關係。政大教育研究所碩士論文。
李財星(民76):犯規與無犯規國中生之自我概念、親子關係、生活適當能力之比較研究。高師教育研究所碩士論文。
李慧強(民78): 家庭結構、母子關係和諧性對子女生活適應及友伴關係影響比較研究。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
李麗玲(民84):智障兒童青少年手足與一般家庭青少年親子關係與生活適應之比較研究。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
林良姿(民80): 親子溝通型態對兒童焦慮之相關研究。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
林美吟(民78):國小單親家庭兒童自我概念與生活適應之研究。台北:文景。
林清江(民72):文化發展與教育革新。台北:五南。
林貴美(民76): 智能不足者職業適應。台北:省立北師。
林惠芬(民89):智能障礙者之教育。許天威等主編:新特殊教育通論。台北:五南。133-158。
周新富(民88):國中生家庭、家庭文化資源、學校經驗與學習結果關係之研究。高師教育研究所博士論文。
邱靜娟(民82):國中生教育期望及其影響因素探討。高師大教育研究所碩士論文。
姚如芬(民86):高雄地區高中一年級數學學習態度與其數學學習成就之相關研究。高師大數學教育研究所碩士論文。
洪志美譯(民80):人際溝通關係。台北:桂冠。
洪碧芬(民79):慢性病童手足之親子關係與生活適應研究。東吳社會學系碩士論文。
俞筱鈞(民85):適應與心理衛生-人生週期之常態適應。台北:揚智。
徐享良(民88):智能障礙者適應行為因素結構之研究。彰師大特教學系博士論文。new window
徐享良(民89):家有特殊兒童與親職教育。許天威等主編:新特殊教育通論。台北:五南。405-430。
徐儷瑜(民77):小學兒童的生活適應與親子溝通之相關研究。台大心理研究所碩士論文。
許天威(民89):身心障礙者的轉銜計畫。許天威等主編:新特殊教育通論。台北:五南。431-486。
許美瑞(民67):次級文化影響因素與兒童教養態度之關係。師大教育研究所碩士論文。
許淑琴(民80):單親兒童性別角色、學業性向及其相關因素之研究。教師天地,53期,56-59。
許筱梅(民84):青少年知覺父母教養方式與其情緒穩定之相關研究。彰化師大輔導學系碩士論文。
秦麗花(民82):從美國94-142公法與99-457公法看特殊教育的發展動向。高市文教,19-27。
高月美和張泓(民84):幼兒心理學。台北:五南。
高明珠(民88):國小兒童親子關係、內外控人格傾向、社會支持與其生活及學習適應相關研究。南師院國民教育研究所碩士論文。
高淑貴(民80):家庭社會學。台北:黎明。
梁淑娟(民80):智障者同胞手足心理需求之研究。彰師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
郭倩如(民81):智能發展障礙幼兒家庭動力之研究。彰師大特教學系碩士論文。
郭為藩(民78):特殊兒童心理與教育。台北:文景。
張正芬(民78):智障兒的教養。台北:時報文化。
張素貞(民87):智障者手足自我概念與生活適應之研究。高師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
張春興(民77):心理學。台北:東華。
張春興(民78):張氏心理學辭典。台北:東華。
張春興(民79):發展心理學。台北:桂冠。
張肖松(民70):心理學史。台北:國立編譯館。
張麗梅(民82): 家庭氣氛、父母管教態度與兒童偏差行為關係之研究。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
黃己娥(民86):障礙學生家長決定子女教育安置之研究。師大特教研究所碩士論文。new window
黃文瑛(民76):台北市國民中學學生人際關係之研究。教育心理研究。1,117-142。new window
黃月美(民84): 單親兒童生活適應相關因素及團體輔導效果之研究。屏師初等教育研究所碩士論文。
黃宗堅(民88):家庭的測量與應用。應用心理研究,2期,83-109頁。new window
黃斐利(民82):台北市單親家庭子女照顧之研究。台大社會學系碩士論文。
黃迺毓(民77):家庭教育。台北:五南。
黃富順(民67):影響國中生學業成就的家庭因素。師大教育研究所碩士論文。
黃煌鏞(民77):家庭內聚型態與貧窮行為困擾、生活適應之相關研究。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
黃國榮(民75):智能不足者之特質與教學輔導。特教園丁,7卷,39期,9-10。
黃德祥(民83):青少年發展與輔導。台北:五南。
陳小娥、蘇建文(民66): 父母教養行為與少年生活適應。教育心理學報,10,91-106。new window
陳文卿(民87):青少年自殺意念與家庭功能、無望感之相關研究。彰師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
陳正昌和程炳林(民88):SPSS、SAS、BMDP統計軟體在多變量統計上的應用。台北:五南。
陳志成(民87): 智能障礙青少年家庭動力、父母教養方式與其情緒發展之相關研究。師大心理與輔導研究所碩士論文。
陳秀蓉(民75):父母管教子女的行為認知互動模式之探討。台大心理研究所碩士論文。
陳姿秀(民85):母親就業與否及其相關因素對子女之學業成就、生活適應影響之研究。政大教育研究所碩士論文。
陳若男(民82):兒童手足與友誼關係之研究。師大家政研究所碩士論文。
陳惠雯(民89):婚姻衝突、家庭界限與青少年子女適應之相關研究。師大心理與輔導研究所碩士論文。new window
陳榮華(民81):智能不足研究。台北:師大書苑。
曾昭旭(民82):中國人獨特的生活方式。社會大學文教基金會。
彭駕騂(民77):青少年問題探究。台北:巨流。
詹珮宜(民89):智障學生之國小正常手足的親子互動關係、手足關係、社會支持與生活適應之相關研究。竹師國民教育研究所碩士論文。
路君約(民70):少年人格測驗指導手冊修訂本。台北:中國行為科學社。
楊國樞(民75):家庭因素與子女行為:台灣研究的評析。中華心理學刊,28(1),7-28。new window
楊雅雯(民83):家庭結構、父母管教方式對青少年個人適應、社會適應及異性交友行為影響的比較研究--生親家庭與單親家庭之比較。文化家政研究所碩士論文。
趙富年(民70):影響國中適應的家庭因素。師大教育研究所碩士論文。
賴保禎等(民78):發展心理學。台北:空大。
賴保禎(民61):父母管教態度指導手冊。台北:中國行為科學社。
樊聯仁(民88):不同年齡子女對父母教養方式之比較。高醫行為科學研究所碩士論文。
簡志娟(民85):影響父母教養方式之因素--生態系統理論之研究。師大家政研究所碩士論文。
簡茂發(民67):父母教養態度與小學兒童生活適應。教育心理學報,new window
63-86。
劉永元(民77):單親與正常家庭兒童人際關係、行為困擾、自我概念之相關研究。高師教育研究所碩士論文。
劉扯(民77):北市完整與破碎家庭子女失調行為之比較。文化兒童福利研究所碩士論文。
劉玲君(民84):國中生之家庭特質與其心理需求、偏差行為之分析研究。彰師大輔導研究所碩士論文。
鄭秋紅(民82):單親家庭國中生親子互動關係、自我尊重、社會支持與寂寞感之研究。文化家政研究所碩士論文。
鄭偉琪(民83):自閉症兒之手足的自我概念與生活適應。師大特殊教育研究所碩士論文。
鄭照順(民86):高壓力青少年所知覺的家庭、社會支持及其因應效能之研究。高師教育研究所博士論文。new window
蔡俊傑(民88):父母參與及教師參與對學生生活適應影響之研究。政大教育研究所博士論文。
蔡嘉惠(民87):國中生的社會支持、生活壓力與憂鬱傾向之相關研究。高師教育研究所碩士論文。
繆志敏(民79):單親兒童學業成就、人格適應及相關因素研究。政大教育研究所博士論文。
魏美芬(民75):親子溝通與青少年生適應之研究。東海社工研究所碩士論文。
鍾思嘉(民74): 家庭氣氛及父母管教態度對青少年偏差行為之影響。行政院研考會加強家庭教育促進社會和諧學術研討會論文集,192-213。
鍾郁心(民87):高中生生活適應及其家庭相關因素研究。國立暨南國際大學社會工作學系碩士論文。
蘇建文等(民80):發展心理學。台北:心理。
謝品蘭(民81): 單親家庭親子關係與生活適應之分析研究─以離婚分居家庭為例。東吳社會工作研究所碩士論文。
羅慧筠(民68):父母管教與少年子女生活適應。台大心理研究所碩士論文。
內政部(民84):我國殘障福利服務之檢討與展望。
行政院主計處(民81):中華民國職業標準分類。
教育部(民87):特殊教育法規彙編。
貳、英文部分
Alexander,J.E.(1973).Defensive and supportive communication in
criminal and deviant families. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,40,223-231.
Applebee,A.N.,Langer,J.A.,&Mullis,I.V.S.(1989).Crossroads in American Education:The Nations Report Card,A Summary of Findings. Princeton,N.J.,:Educational Testing Service.
Arkoff, A.(1968). Adjustment and mental health. McGraw Hill, New York : Wiley.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi ,Y.(1988).On the evaluation of structural equation models. Academic of Marketing Science,16,76-94.
Baldwin, A . L . (1965) .Patterns of parent avior.Psychological Monographs, 58(3).
Bandura, A.(1977). Self-Efficacy : Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215.
Baumarind,D.(1967).Child care practices anteceding 3 patlerns of preschool behavior.Genetic Psychology Monographs,75,43-88.
Beavers,W.R.,& Hampson,R.B.(1990).Successful families.New York:Norton.
Becker,W.C.(1964).Consequences of different kinds of parental disciplines.In M.L.Hoffman&L.W.Hoffman (Eds.).Review of child development research,1,122-150.N Y: Russel Sage Foundation.
Belmont,L.,& Marolla,F.A.(1973).Birth Order,Family Size,and Intelligence. Science,182,1091-1101.
Belsky,J.,&Rovine,M.(1986).Nonmaternal care in the first year of life and the security of infant-parent attachment.Child development, 59, 157-167.
Bollen, K. A.(1989).Structural equations with latent variables. NY: Joho Wiley & Sone, Inc.
Brody,G.H.,Pillegrini,A.D.,& Sigel,I.E.(1986).Marital quality and mother-child and Father-child interactions with school-aged children. Developmental Psychology,22,291-296.
Brown,M.W.,&Cudeck,R.(1993).Alternative ways of assessing model fit. InK.A.Bollen&J.S.Long (Eds.),Testing structural equation models (pp.445-455).Newbury Park,CA:Sage.
Byrne,B.M.(1998).Structural equation modeling with LISREL, PRELIS&SIMPLIS : Basic concepts,application, and programming. NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Association.
Bronfenbrenner,U.(1979).The ecology of human development. Combridge MA:Harward University Press.
Bronfenbrenner,U(1986).Ecology of the family as a context for human development. Development Psychology,V22,n6,723-742.
Bronfenbrenner,U(1989). The ecological systems . Annals of Child Developmant , 6 , 187-249 .
Caplan , N ., Choy , M . H .,& Whitmore , J . K . (1992) . Indochinese Refugee Families and Academic Achievement . Scientific American , 266(2) , 36-42 .
Cohen,S.B,&Plaskon,S.P.(1980).Language arts for the mildly handicapped. Columbus,OH:Merrill.
Conger,R.D.et al.(1993).Family economic stress and adjustment of early adolescent girls.Development Psychology,29(2),206-219.
Cook,R.E.,Tessier,A.,&Armbruster,V.B.(1987).Adapting early childhood carricula for children with special needs. Columbus,OH:Merrill.
Daniels,D.,&Plomin,R.(1985).Differential experience of sibling in the same family.Developmental Psychology,21(5),747-760.
Dave, R . H .(1963) : The Identifcation and Measurement of Enviorn- mental Process Variables That are Related to Educational Achievement . Unpubished doctoral dissertation University Chicago.
Dunn,J.(1983).Sibling relationships in early childhood.Child Development, 54,781-791.
Dyson,L.,Edgar,E.,&Crnic,K.(1989).Psychological predictors of adjustment by siblings of developmentally disabled children. American Journal of Mental Retardation,94(3),292-302.
Enos,D.M.,&Handal,P.D.(1986).The relation of parental marital status and perceived family conflict to adjustment in white adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 54,820-824.
Epstein,J.L.(1985).Effects on teacher practices and parent involvement on student achievement. Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Educational Research Association.New Orleans.
Epstein,N.B.,Baldwin,L.M.,& Bishop,D.S.(1983).The McMaster Family Assessment Device. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 9(2),171-180.
Feldman,S.S.,&Wentzel,K.R.(1990).Relations amang family,interaction pattern,Classroom self-restraint,and academic achievement in preadolescent boys.Journal of Educational Psychology,82(4), 813-819.
Furman,W.,&Buhrmester,D.(1985).Childrens perceptions of the qualities of sibling relationship.Child Development,56,448-461.
Gesell,A.,&Thompson,H.(1949).The psychology of early growth.. New York:Macmillan.
Goledenberg,I.,& Goledenberg,H.(1991).Family Therapy:Overview(3th ed.).CA:Book/Cole.
Grenwood,G.,&Hickman,C.(1991).Research and practice in parent involvement:Implication for teacher education.The Elementary School Journal,91(3),279-288.
Grossman, H.J. (Ed.)(1983). Classification in mental retardation. Washington, DC : American Association on Mental Deficiency.
Guiduabidi , J .,& Cleminshaw , H . K ., Perry , J . D ., Nastasi , B .,& Lightel , J .(1986) . The role of selected family environment factors in children’s post-divorce adjustment . Family Relations , 35 , 141-151 .
Gurung,R.R.,Sarason,B.R.,Keeker,K.D.,&Sarason,I.G.(1992).Family environments,specific relationship,and general perceptions of adjustment.Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association.(ERIC Document Reproduction Service NO.ED366859).
Handerson,A.T.(1981).Parent participation student achievement: The evidence grow.NCCE Occasional paper.Columbia,MD:National Committee for Citizens in Education.
Hannah,M.E.,&Midlarsky,E.(1985).Siblings of the handicapped: Aliterature review for school psychologists.School Psychology Review,14(4),510-520.
Heber, R.F.(1959). A manual on terminology and classification in mental retardation. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 64(Monograph Supplement).
Heber, R.F.(1961). A manual on terminology and classification in mental retardation. (red.ed.)Monograph Aupplement,American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 64.
Hetherington , E . M ., Stouwie , R . J .,& Ridverg , E . H .(1971).Putterns of family interaction and child-rearing : Attituds related to three dimensions of Juvenile delinquency . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 78 ,160-176 .
Hurlock, E.B.(1974). Developmental psychology (4th ed.). New York : Mcgraw-Hill Books.
Jacob, A.B., Robert, M.H., & Edvelopment(1998). Handbook of mental retardation and development. Cambridge University Press.
Joreskog, K . G . & Sorbom, D .(1993). LISREL 8: Structural Equation Modeling with the SIMPLIS Command Language. Chicago IL: Scientific Software International, Inc.
Kahl , J ., & Davis , J . A .(1955) . A Comparison of Indexes of Socioeconomic Status . American Sociological Review ,20 , 317-325 .
Kaplan, P.S., & Stein, J.(1984). Psychology of adjustment. Belment, Wadsworth Pubhshing Co, California.
Kellaghan , T .,& Macnamara , J .(1972) . Family Correlates of Verbal Reasoning Ability . Developmental Psychology , 7 , 49-53 .
Kiecolt,K.J.,&Acock,A.C.(1988).The longterm ehhects of family structure on gender-role attitude.Journal of Marriage and the Family. 50, 709-717.
Klass , T . A.(1986) . The effects of divorce and single-parenting on the school adjustment of fourth and fifth gradstudents.Dissertation Abstracts International ,46 (7) ,2630A.
Lamborn,S.D.,Mounts,M.S.,Steinberg,L.,&Ornbush,S.M.(1991).Patterns of competence and adjustment among adolescents from authoritative, authoritarian,indulgent,and neglectful families.Child Development, 62,1049-1065.
Leland, H.(1972). Mental retardation and adaptive behavior. Journal of Special Education, 6, 71-80.
Leland, H.(1978). Theatrical considerations of adaptive behavior. In W.A. Coultwe & H.W. Morrow(Eds.), Adaptive behavior : Concept & Measurements, 21-43. N.Y. : Gruner & Suraton.
Luckasson , R .,Coulter , D . L ., Polloway , E . A .,Reiss , S ., Schalock , R . L ., Snell , M . E ., Spitalnik , D . M ., & Stark , J . A . (1992).Mental retardation : Definition , classification , and systems of supports . DC : American Association on Mental Retardation.
Maccoby,E.E.,&Martin,J.A.(1983).Socialization in the contet of the family:Parent-child interaction.InP.H.Mussen(Ed.),Handbook of child psychology(Vo1.4),1101,New York:John Wiley&Sons.
Marjoribanks , K . (1976) . Sibsize , Family Enviroment , Cognitive Performance , and Affective Characteristics . Journal of Psychology , 94 ,195-204 .
Marsh,H.W.,Balla,J.R.,&McDonald,R.P.(1988).Goodness-of-fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis : The effect of sample size. Psychological Bulletin, 103 (3), 391-410.
McCarney, S.B.(1995). Adaptive behavior : Home Version Technical Manual, Revised.
Mead, D.E.(1976). Six approaches to child rearing. Provo Utah Brigham University Press.
Mercer, J.R.(1973a). Labeling the mentally retarded : Clinical and social system perspectives on mental retardation. Berkeley and Los Angeles : University of California Press.
Mercer, J.R.(1973b). The myth of 3 % prevalence. In R.K. Eyman, C.E. Meyers, & G. Tarjan (Eds.), Sociobehavioral studies in mental retardation. Washington, DC : American Association on Mental Deficiency.
Meyer,H.J.(1988).Marital and mother-child relationship:Developmental history,parent personality,and child-difficultnoss.In R.A.Hinde & J.Steven-hinde(Eds.),Relationships within family.Oxford:Oxford University press.
Minuchin,S.(1974).Families and family therapy . Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press.
Minuchin,P.(1992).Conflict and child maltretment.In C.U.Shentz & W.W.Hartup (Eds),Conflict in child and adolescent development (pp.380-401).New York:Cambridge University Press.
Mitchell , M . G .,& Rosenthal , D . M .(1992) . Suicidal adolescents : Family dynamics and the effects of lethality and hopelessness.
Mischel, W., & Mischel, A.N.(1976). Cognitive social learning approach to morality and self-regulation. In T. Licknona (Ed.), Moral Delopment and Behavior. New York : Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Moos ,R . H .(1974) .Family Enviornment Scale .Palo Alto . Ca :Counsul— ting Psychologists Press , Inc .
Moos,R.H.,&Moos,B.S.(1986). Family environment scale manual. Palo Alto:Consulting Psychologies Press.
Newman,P.R.,&Newman,B.M.(1981).Living:the process of adajustment. Illinois:The Dorsey Press.
Nihira, K.(1976). Dimensions of adaptive behavior in institutionalized mentally retarded children and adults : Developmental perspective. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 81, 215-226.
Nihira, K.(1978). Factorial descriptions of the AAMD adaptive behavior scale. In W. Coulter & E. Morrow (Eds.), Adaptive behavior : Concepts and measurement, 45-57. N.Y. : Grune & Stratton.
Nunn,G.D.,Parish,T.S.,&Wworthing,R.J.(1983).Perceptions of personal and familial adjustment by children from intact,single-parent,and reconstituted families.Psychology in School,20(4),166-174.
Olson,D.H.,&Dahl,N.S.(1982).Inventory of marriage and family literature. St. Paul, Ninn, Family Social Science,University of Minnesota. Reprinted by permission.
Olson,D.H.,&McCubbin,H.I.(1982).Circumplex model of marital and family systems V:Application to family stress and crises intervention. In H.I.McCubbin(Ed.),Family stress,coping and social support.
Olson,D.H.,McCubbin,H.I.,Barnes,H.L.,Larsen,A.S.,Muxen,M.J.,&
Wilson, M.A.(1983).Family:What makes them work. California: Beverly Hills.
Olson,D.H.,Russell,C.& Sprenkle,D.H.(1989).Circumplex model: Systemic Assessment & treatment of families.New York:Haworth.
Paker,G.,Tupling,H.,&Brown,L.B.(1979).A parental bonding instrument. British Journal of Medical Psychology,52,1-10.
Peterson,G.W.,Southworth,L.E.,&Petove,D.F.(1983).Childrens self- esteem and maternal behavior in three low-income samples. Psychological Reports,52,79-86.
Poloway,E.A.,Patton,J.R.,Payne,J.S.,&Payne,R.A.(1989). Strategies for teaching learners with special needs(4th.ed.),Columbus,OH:Merrill.
Powell,T.H.,&Gallagher,P.A.(1993).Brothers and sisters─A special part of exceptional families (2th ed).Baltimore, MD:Paul,H. Brookes Publishing.
Pumroy,D.K.(1966).Maryland parent attitude survey:A research instrument with social desirability controlled.The Journal of Psychology,64,73-78.
Robinson, N.K., & Robinson, H.B.(1976). The mentally retarded child(2nd ed.). N.Y. : McGraw-Hill.
Roesen , R .(1979) .Some crucial issues concerning children of divorce . Journal of Divorce , 3 (1) ,19-25.
Roeyers , H .,& Mycke , K . (1995) . Siblings of a child with autism , with mental retardation and with a normal development . Child : Care , Health and Development , 21 (5) , 305-319 .
Salvia, J., & Ysseldyke, J.E.(1995). Assessment(6th ed). Boston : Houghton Mifflin.
Sarason,I.G.,Levine,H.M.,Basham,R.B.,&Sarason,B.R.(1983). Assessing social support:The social support questionnatire. Journal of personality and social psychology,44(1),127-139.
Schaefer, H.R.(1977). Early interactive development. In H.R. Schaefer (Ed.), Studies in Mother-Infant Interactive. New York : Academic Press.
Scott,W.A.,Scott,R.,&McCade,M.(1991).Family relationships and childrens personality:A cross-culture,cross-source comparison. British Journal of Social Psychology,30,1-20.
Sears,R.R.,Maccoby,E.E.,&Levin,H.(1957).Patterns of child rearing. Evanston 111:Row Peterson.
Seligman,M.(1991).Sibling of handicapped persons.In M. Seligman (Ed.). The family with a handicapped child:Understanding and treament. New York:Grune&Stratton.
Slater,E.,&Haber,J.(1984).Adolescent adjustment following divorce as a function of familial conflict.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,52,920-921.
Smith,T.C.,Polloway,J.R.,&Dowdy,C.A.(1998).Teaching student with special needs in inclusive setting(2nd ed.).Needham Heights, MA:Allyn & Bacon.
Sparrow, S.S., Balla, D.A., & Cicchett, D.V.(1984).Vineland adaptive behavior scales. Circle Pines, MN : American Guidance Service.
Stevenson,M.R.,&Black,K.N.(1983).Sex role development and fater absense:Comparing meta-analysis.Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association.
Stolberg,A.L.,Mauger,P.A.,Zinober,J.,&Marks,P.A.(1976).Parental divorce death and foster home placement as related to personality profiles of adolescents.Paper Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association.
Stoneman,Z.,Brody,G.H.,Davis,C.H.,&Crapps,J.M.(1998).Child-care responsibilities,peer relations,and sibling conflict:Older sibling of mentally retarded children. American Journal of Mental Retardation, 93,174-183.
Sylvia,R.,&Barbara,L.(1988).Family environment of underachieving gifted students.Journal Citation:Gifted child quarterly, V32, 353-359.
Thomas , K ., Kathryn , S ., Benjamin , A .,& Benjamin , S . B . (1993) . The home environment & School learning .By Jossey-Bass Inc., Publishers .
Thomson , G . H .(1949) .Intelligence and Family Size . In Sottish Council for Research in Eduction , The Trend of Scottish intelligence . London : University of London Press .
Turnbull , K .,& Bronicki , G . J .(1989) . Children can teach children . Teaching Exceptional Children , 21 (3) , 64-65 .
Walberg,H.J.(1981).A psychology theory of educational productivity.In F.Farley&N.Gorden(Eds.), Psychology and Education.Berkeley. California MaCutchan.
Wallace,G.,Cohen,S.B.,&Polloway,E.A.(1987).Language arts: Teaching exceptional students.Austin,TX:Pro-ED.
Wallerstein,J.S.,&Kelly,J.B.(1979).Divorce and children.In J.Noshpitz,et al.(Eds.),Basic handbook of child psychiatry, Vo1.4,New York:Basic Books.
Walsh,F.(1993).Normal family processes (2nd ed.).New York: Guilford Press.
Walters, J., & Stinnett, N.(1971). Parent child relationships : a Decade Review of Research. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 33(1), 70-103.
Weinraub,M.,&Wolf,B.M.(1983).Effect of stress and social supports on mother-child interactions in single and two-parent family.Child Development,54,1297-1311.
Weiten,W.(1989).Psychology:Thems and Variation.CA:Brooks-Cole Publishing Company.
White ,K . R .(1982) . The Relation Between Socioeconomic Status and Academic Achievement . Psychological Bulletin , 91 , 461-481 .
Ysseldke,J.E.,&Algozzine,B.(1995).Special education . Boston, Mass: Houghton Mifflin Co.
Zajonc , R . B .,& Bargh , J .(1980) . The Confluence Model : Parameter and Estimation for Six Divergent Data Sets on Family Factors and Intelligence . Intelligence , 4 , 349-362 .
Zajonc , R . B ., Markus , H .,& Markus , G . B .(1979) .Birth Order Puzzle . journal of Personality and Social sychology , 37 ,1325-1341.
Zastrow,C.,&Kirst-Ashman,K.K.(1982).Understanding human behavior and the social environment.Chicago:Nelson-Hall Publishers.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
QR Code
QRCODE