:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:社群導向系統的使用者需求擷取之研究
作者:唐日新
作者(外文):Tang, Jih-Hsin
校院名稱:國立政治大學
系所名稱:資訊管理研究所
指導教授:楊亨利
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2003
主題關鍵詞:需求擷取社會網路分析線上社群關鍵使用者Requirement ElicitationSocial Network AnalysisOnline communityKey users
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:320
在傳統資訊系統開發過程中,需求分析通常被視為非常關鍵的步驟。但在Web-based的資訊系統開發中,需求分析卻很少被提及。這篇論文提要主要強調傳統資訊系統與Web資訊系統的差異,並提出一個社群導向系統的需求擷取架構。這個架構將需求擷取分成三個階段:初步分析、關鍵使用者需求分析以及一般使用者的反應。目前Web的開發技術以及社群設計的方法,通常只做初步分析,在系統開發過程中並不直接蒐集使用者的需求。本文提出的三階段架構強調關鍵使用者的重要性,並建議採用社會網路分析作為辦識關鍵使用者的工具。
關鍵使用者區分為資訊、溝通、交易以及娛樂四大類別。初步預試這四種不同類別的關鍵使用者是否會產生較多該類別的資訊需求,以及是否產生較多的需求總數。結果發現只有資訊的關鍵使用者產生較多的資訊需求以及總需求,而其他類別的關鍵使用者與產生需求數量上的關係都不顯著。而另一項有趣的發現是:20%資訊關鍵使用者可以產生大約80%的需求總數,與Pareto規則的預測相似。資訊關鍵使用者的意見是否可以代表全體的意見,預試的結果顯示80%以上的需求重要性評估,關鍵使用者與全體的意見沒有顯著差異。
實地研究採用則探究兩個線上社群,一為關係導向社群,另一則為興趣社群,用以探索使用者角色,涉入程度以及需求知覺間的關係。多變量共變數分析的結果顯示:去除涉入程度的影響後,使用者角色會顯著影響使用者對於需求的知覺,雖然影響的方式以及程度並不相同。高涉入的使用者對於需求的敏銳度,普遍比低涉入者需求要高,並不因為需求種類而有所不同,最後並討論管理的意涵以及日後的研究方向。
Although the requirement analysis is generally considered a critical stage in traditional information systems development (ISD), but it does not get enough attention in most Web-based information systems development (WISD) or the emerging community-oriented design. The thesis highlighted the difference between ISD and WISD, and proposed a three-stage model of user requirements elicitation for community-oriented design. This model divides the requirements definition in three stages: initial analysis, key user requirements elicitation, and regular user responses. Most current WIS and community design methodologies consider only initial analysis or attempt to build common system architecture, and neglect actual users’ requirements. Key user input is emphasized in this model, and social network analysis (SNA) is proposed as a tool for identifying key users.
The pilot study empirically tested the relationship between the number of key users and that of elicited requirements. The study applied SNA to identify key users (defined as their influence) in “information”, “purchase”, “communication” or “entertainment” networks, and then elicited their requirements of two WIS. The preliminary results demonstrated that the number of key users in “information” dimension was significantly correlated with the numbers of elicited “information” requirements and overall requirements. However, the number of key users in “purchase”, “communication” and “entertainment” dimension had no significant relationships with the number of the elicited requirements. The requirements collected from 20 percent of “key users” accounted for approximate 80 percent of total requirements, similar to the results predicted by Pareto’s rule. In addition, the representativeness of requirements from key users opinions was also tested.
Two online communities were designed to explore the relationship between user roles, user involvement and users’ perception towards requirements. And the MANCOVA results showed that user role (with user involvement as a blocking variable) has a major impact on an individual’s perception towards requirements, though the difference varies in a certain way. User involvement has also a determining effect on a user’s perception toward each type of requirements. Managerial implications were also discussed.
References
Abels, E. G., M. D. White, et al. (1997). "Identifying user-based criteria for Web pages." Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 7(4): 252-262.
Abels, E. G., M. D. White, et al. (1998). "A user-based design process for Web sites." Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 8(1): 39-48.
Adler, R. P. and A. J. Christopher (1998). Internet Community Primer. http://www.digiplaces.com/pages/primer_00_toc.html.
Alavi, M. (1984). "An assessment of the prototyping approach to information systems development." Communications of ACM 27(6): 1984.
Andrews, C., S. Durvasula, et al. (1990). "A framework for conceptualizing and measuring the involvement construct in advertising research." Journal of advertising 19: 27-40.
Armstrong, A. and I. J. Hagel (1996). "The real value of on-line communities." Harvard Business Review(May-June): 134-141.
Artz, J. M. (1996). "A top-down methodology for building corporate Web applications." Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 6(2/3): 64-74.
Atkinson, M. and C. Kydd (1997). "Individual characteristics associated with World Wide Web use: an empirical study of playfulness and motivation." The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems 28(2): 53-61.
Bailey, J. E. and S. W. Pearson (1983). "Development of a tool for measuring and analyzing computer user satisfaction." Management science 29(5): 530-545.
Baldwin, T. T., M. D. Bedell, et al. (1997). "The social fabric of a team-based M.B.A. program: network effects on student satisfaction and performance." Academy of Management Journal 40(6): 1369-1397.
Barab, S. A., J. G. MaKinster, et al. (2001). "Designing and building an on-line community: the struggle to support sociability in the inquiry learning forum." Educational Technology Research and Development 49(4): 71-96.
Barki, H. and J. Hartwick (1994). "Rethinking the concept of user involvement, and user attitude." MIS Quarterly 18(1): 59-79.
Baroudi, J. J., M. H. Olson, et al. (1986). "An empirical study of the impact of user involvement on system usage and information satisfaction." Communications of ACM 29(3): 232-238.
Basu, C., S. Poindexter, et al. (2000). "Diffusion of executive information systems in organizations and the shift to Web technologies." Industrial Management and Data Systems 100(6): 271-276.
Bieber, M., D. Engelbart, et al. (2002). "Toward Virtual Community Knowledge Evolution." Journal of Management Information Systems 18(4): 11-35.
Blili, S., L. Raymond, et al. (1998). "Impact of task uncertainty, end-user involvement, and competence on the success of end-user computing." Information and Management 33: 137-153.
Boland, R. J., Jr. (1984). "Sense-making of accounting data as a technique of organizational diagnosis." Management science 30(7): 868-882.
Borgatti, S. P., M. G. Everett, et al. (2002). Ucinet for Windows: Software for Social Network Analysis, Harvard: Analytic Technologies.
Browne, G. J. and M. B. Rogich (2001). "An empirical investigation of user requirements elicitation: comparing the effectiveness of prompting techniques." Journal of Management Information Systems 17(4): 223-249.
Burrell, G. and G. Morgan (1979). Sociological paradigms and organizational analysis. London, Heinemann.
Byrd, T. A., K. L. Cossick, et al. (1992). "A synthesis of research on requirements analysis and knowledge acquisition techniques." MIS Quarterly 16(1): 117-138.
Carroll, J. M., M. B. Rosson, et al. (1998). "Requirements development in scenario-based design." IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 24(12): 1156-1170.
Chatzoglou, P. D. and A. C. Soteriou (1999). "A DEA framework to access the efficiency of the software requirements capture and analysis process." Decision Sciences 30(2): 503-531.
Chen, C. H. (2002). Developing social network analysis system for virtual teams in a professional virtual community. Management Information Systems. Kaoshuing, National Sun Yat-Sen University.
Cheung, W. and W. Huang (2002). "An Investigation of Commercial Usage of the World Wide Web: A Picture from Singapore." International Journal of Information Management 22(5): 377-388.
Cross, R., S. Borgatti, et al. (2001). "Beyond answers: dimensions of the advice network." Social Networks 23: 215-235.
Cross, R., A. Parker, et al. (2001). "Knowing what we know: supporting knowledge creation and sharing in social networks." Organizational Dynamics 30(2): 100-120.
Cunliffe, D. (2000). "Developing usable web sites: a review and model." Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 10(4): 295-307.
Curtis, B., H. Krasner, et al. (1988). "A field study of the software design process for large system." Communications of the ACM 31: 1268-1287.
Davenport, T. H. (1997). "Ten principles of knowledge management and four case studies." Knowledge and Process Management 4(3): 187-208.
De Troyer, O. M. F. and C. J. Leune (1998). WSDM: a user centered design method for Web sites. Seventh International Worldwide Web Conference, Brisbane, Australia.
DeLone, W. L. and E. R. McLean (1992). "Information system success: the quest for dependent variable." Information System Research 3(1): 60-93.
Detlor, B. (2000). "The corporate portal as information infrastructure: towards a framework for portal design." International Journal of Information Management 20: 91-101.
Deville, B. (1995). "Internet for market researchers." Marketing Research 17(3): 36-38.
Doll, W. J. and G. Torkzadeh (1988). "ioThe Measurement of End-User Computing Satisfaction." MIS Quarterly 12(2): 259-274.
Doll, W. J. and G. Torkzadeh (1991). "The Measurement of End-User Computing Satisfaction: Theoretical and Methodological Issues." MIS Quarterly 15(1): 5-10.
Doll, W. J., W. Xia, et al. (1994). "A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the End-User Computing Satisfaction Instrument." MIS Quarterly 18(4): 453-461.
Durrington, V. A., J. Repman, et al. (2000). "Using social network analysis to examine the time of adoption of computer-rated services among university faculty." Journal of Research on Computing in Education 33(1): 16-27.
El Louadi, M., D. F. Galletta, et al. (1998). "An empirical validation of a contingency model for information requirements determination." The DATA BASE for Advances in Information Systems 29(3): 31-51.
Fitzgerald, B. (1997). "The use of systems development methodologies in practice: a field study." Information Systems Journal 7: 201-212.
Foster, T. and C. Franz (1999). "User Involvement during information systems deveopment: a comparison of analyst and user perception of system acceptance." Journal of Engineering and Technology Management 16(3-4): 329-348.
Fraternali, P. (1999). "Tools and approaches for developing data-intensive Web applications: A survey." ACM Computing Survey 31(3): 227-263.
Fuccella, J. and J. Pizzolato (1998). "Creating Web site designs based on user expectations and feedback." ITG Newsletter 6.
Garton, L., C. Haythornthwaite, et al. (1999). Studying on-line social networks. Doing Internet Research. S. Jones. Thousand Oaks, CA, Sage Publications.
Garzotto, F., P. Paolini, et al. (1993). Navigation patterns in hypermedia databases. the 26th Haiwaii International Conference on System Science, IEEE Computer society Press.
Ginige, A. and S. Murugesan (2001). "Web engineering: an introduction." IEEE Multimedia 8(1): 14-18.
Guinan, P., J. Cooprider, et al. (1998). "Enabling software development team performance during requirements definition: a behavioral versus technical approach." Information Systems Research 9(2): 101-125.
Hagel, J. and A. Armstrong (1997). Net gain: expanding markets through virtual communities, McKinsey & Company.
Hagen, G., D. K. Killinger, et al. (1997). "An analysis of communication networks among Tampa Bay economic development organizations." Connections 20(2): 13-22.
Hahsler, M. and B. Simon (2000). User-centered navigation re-design for Web-based information systems. Americas Conference on Information Systems.
Hair, J., R. Anderson, et al. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall.
Hanson, W. (2000). Chapter 10: Online Community. Principles of Internet Marketing. U.S.A., South-Western College: 290-327.
Haythornthwaite, C. (1998). A social network study of the growth of community among distance learners. Internet Research and Information for Social Scientists Conference, Bristol, UK.
Haythornthwaite, C. and B. Wellman (1998). "Work, friendship, and media use for information exchange in a networked organization." JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE 49(12): 1101-1114.
Hidding, G. J. and S. M. Catterall (1998). "Anatomy of a learning organization: turing knowledge into capital at Anderson Consulting." Knowledge and Process Management 5(1): 3-13.
Hirschheim, R. and H. K. Klein (1989). "Four paradigms of information systems development." Communications of ACM 32(10): 1199-1216.
Hoffer, J. A., J. F. George, et al. (2002). Modern systems analysis and design. New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
Holck, J. (2003). 4 Perspectives on Web Information Systems. the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Big Island, Hawaii.
Hsu, H. Y. (2001). The Study in Relation between Internet Involvement and Contents of Internet Recruitment. Department of Business Administration. Taipei, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology.
Hunton, J. E. and J. D. Beeler (1997). "Effects of user participation in systems development: a longitudinal experiment." MIS Quarterly December: 359-383.
Ibarra, H. (1993). "Network centrality, power and innovation involvement: determinants of technical and administrative roles." Academy of Management Journal 36: 471-501.
Ibarra, H. and S. B. Andrews (1993). "Power, social influence, and sense making: effects of network centrality and proximity on employee perceptions." Administrative Science Quarterly 38: 277-303.
Isakowitz, T., E. Stohr, et al. (1995). "A methodology for structured hypermedia design." Communications of the ACM 38(8): 34-44.
Ives, B. and M. H. Olson (1984). "User involvement and MIS success: a review of research." Management science 30: 586-603.
Ives, B., M. H. Olson, et al. (1983). "The measurement of user information satisfaction." Communications of ACM 26(10): 785-793.
Kim, E. B. and S. B. Eom (2002). "Designing effective cyber store user interface." Industrial Management and Data Systems 102(5): 241-251.
Koch, M. (2002). "Requirements for community support systems - modularization, integration and ubiquitous user interfaces." Behavior & Information Technology 21(5): 327-332.
Komito, K. (1998). "The Net as a foraging society: Flexible communities." The Information Society 14(2): 97-106.
Korgaonkar, P. K. and L. D. Wolin (1999). "A multivariate analysis of Web usage." Journal of Advertising Research: 53-68.
Krackhardt, D. (1990). "Assessing the political Landscape: structure, cognition, and power in organizations." Administrative Science Quarterly 35: 342-369.
Krackhardt, D. and R. Stern (1988). "Informal Networks and Organizational Crises: An Experimental Simulation." Social Psychology Quarterly 51: 123-140.
Kujala, S. (2003). "User Involvement: a review of the benefits and challenges." Behavior & Information Technology 22(1): 1-16.
Labianca, G., D. J. Brass, et al. (1998). "Social networks and perceptions of intergroup conflict: the role of negative relationships and third parties." Academy of Management Journal 41(1): 55-67.
Lee, C. L. (1999). "IDM: a methodology for intranet design." ACM Computing Survey 31(4): 51-67.
Lee, H., C. Lee, et al. (1999). "A scenario-based object-oriented hypermedia design methodology." Information and Management 36: 121-138.
Leinhardt., Ed. (1984). Structural balance: a generalization of Heider''s theory. Sociological methodology. San Francisco, Jossey Bass.
Liu, C., K. Arnett, et al. (2001). "Key dimensions of Web design quality as related to consumer response." Journal of Computer Information Systems: 70-82.
Loughman, T., R. Fleck, et al. (2000). "A cross-disciplinary model for improved information systems analysis." Industrial Management and Data Systems 100(8): 359-369.
Lucius, R. H. and K. W. Kunert (1997). "Using sociometry to predict team performance in the work place." Journal of Psychology 131(1): 21-32.
Maiden, N. A. M. and G. Rugg (1996). "ACRE: selecting methods for requirements acquisition." Software Engineering Journal: 183-192.
Manber, U., A. Patel, et al. (2000). "Experience with Personalization on Yahoo!" Communications of ACM 43(8): 35-39.
Mccarthy, R. V. and J. E. Aronson (2001). "Activating consumer response: a model for Web site design strategy." Journal of Computer Information Systems: 70-82.
Moreno, J. L. (1953). Who Shall Survive. New York, Beacon House Inc.
Mulvenna, M., S. Anand, et al. (2000). "Personalization on the Net using Web Mining." Communications of ACM 43(8): 123-125.
Murugesan, S., Y. Deshpande, et al. (2001). Web Engineering: a new discipline for development of Web-based systems. Web Engineering 2000, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
Nielsen, J. (1993). Usability Engineering. San Francisco, CA, Morgan Kaufman.
Nielsen, J. (2000). Why You Only Need to Test With 5 Users. http://www.useit.com/.
Overmyer, S. P. (2000). "What''s different about requirements engineering for Web sites." Requirements Engineering 5: 62-65.
Parker, C. W. and S. M. Young (1986). "Consumer Response to Television Commercials: the Impact of involvement and Background Music on Brand Attitude Formation." Journal of marketing research 23: 11-24.
Perkowitz, M. and O. Etzioni (2000). "Towards adaptive Web sites: conceptual framework and case study." Artificial Intelligence 118: 245-275.
Pfleeger, S. L. (1998). Software engineering: theory and practice. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Prentice-Hall.
Preece, J. (1998). "Empathic communities: reaching out across the Web." Interactions March(32-43).
Pressman, R. (1998). "Can Internet-based Applications be engineered?" IEEE Software September: 104-110.
Rheingold, H. (1993). The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier, Perseus Publishing.
Robins, G. and P. Pattison (2002). A Workshop on Exponential Random Graph (p*) Models for Social Networks. 2003. http://www.psych.unimelb.edu.au/staff/gr/ergm.pdf.
Rodgers, S. and K. Sheldon (2002). "An improved way to characterize Internet use." Journal of Advertising Research(September): 85-94.
Romm, C. T., N. Pliskin, et al. (1997). "Virtual Communities and Society: Toward an Integrative Three Phase Model." International Journal of Information Management 17(4): 261-270.
Saiedian, H. and R. Dale (2000). "Requirements engineering: making the connection between the software developer and customer." Information and Software Technology 42: 419-428.
Sampson, S. (1998). "Gathering customer feedback via the Internet: instruments and prospects." Industrial Management and Data Systems, 98(2): 71-82.
Sass, R. K. (1997). From commerce to community: virtual success on the Web. Sixth International World Wide Web Conference, Santa Clara, California: U.S.A.
Schwabe, D. and G. Rossi (1995). "The object-oriented hypermedia design model." Communications of the ACM 38(8): 45-46.
Scott, J. (2000). Social network analysis. London, Sage Publications.
Sherrell, L. B. and L. D. Chen (2001). "The W cycle model and associated methodology for corporate web site development." Communications of AIS 5(7).
Shneiderman, B. (1997). "Designing information-abundant Web sites: issues and recommendations." International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 47: 5-29.
Sparrowe, R. T., R. C. Liden, et al. (2001). "Social networks and the performance of individuals and groups." Academy of Management Journal 44(2): 316-325.
Stanoevska-Slabeva, K. (2002). "Toward a community-oriented design of Internet platforms." International journal of electronic commerce 6(3): 71-95.
Stanoevska-Slabeva, K. and B. Schmid (2000). A generic architecture of community supporting platforms based on the concept of media. the 33rd annual Haiwaii International Conference on System Sciences.
Stanoevska-Slabeva, K. and B. Schmid (2001). A typology of online communities and community supporting platforms. the 34th Haiwaii International Conference on System Sciences.
Stanoevska-Slabeva, K. and B. F. Schmid (2000). "Requirements analysis for community supporting platforms based on the media reference model." Electronic Markets 10(4): 250-257.
Stork, D. and W. D. Richards (1992). "Nonrespondents in communication network studies: Problems and possibilities." Group & Organization Management 17: 193-210.
Taggart, W. M. and M. O. Tharp (1977). "A survey of information requirements analysis techniques." Computing Survey 9(4): 273-290.
Terry, J. and C. Standing (2001). User Involvement in E-Commerce Systems Development. Australasian Conference on Information Systems, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia.
Tsai, W. (2002). "Social Structure of Coopetition Within a Multiunit Organization: Coordination,Competition, and Intraorganizational Knowledge Sharing." Organization Science 13(2): 179-190.
Turban, E., J. Lee, et al. (2000). Electronic commerce: a managerial perspective. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
Walz, D. B., J. J. Elam, et al. (1993). "Inside a software design team: knowledge acquisition, sharing, and integration." Communications of the ACM 36(10): 63-77.
Wang, F. and M. M. Head (2001). "A model for Web-based information Systems in e-retailing." Internet Research: Electronic Networking Applications and Policy 11(4): 310-321.
Wang, S. H. (2001). "Toward a general model for web-based information systems." International Journal of Information Management 21: 385-396.
Wang, S. H. (2002). "Designing information systems for electronic commerce." Industrial Management and Data Systems 101(6): 304-314.
Wang, Y. S., T. I. Tang, et al. (2001). "An instrument for measuring customer satisfaction toward Web sites that market digital products and services." Journal of Electronic Commerce Research 2(3): 1-19.
Wasserman, S. and K. Faust (1994). Social network analysis. New York, Cambridge University Press.
Wellman, B. (1988). Networks as Personal Communities. Social Structures: A Network Analysis. S. D. Berkowitz. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press: 130-184.
Wellman, B. (1997). An Electronic Group is Virtually a Social Network. Culture of the Internet. S. Kiesler. Mahwah, NJ, Lawrence Erlbaum: 179-205.
Wellman, B. (2001). "Computer networks as social networks." Science 293: 2031-2034.
Wellman, B., J. Salaff, et al. (1996). "Computer Networks as Social Networks: Virtual Community, Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Telework." Annual Review of Sociology 22: 213-238.
Wen, H. J., H. G. Chen, et al. (2001). "E-commerce Web site design: strategies and models." Information Management and Computer Security 9(1): 5-12.
Whitley, E. A. (1998). Method-ism in practice: investigating the relationship between method and understanding in Web page design. International Conference on Information Systems, Helsinki: Finland.
Yu, C. C. (2000). A hypermedia development process for Web information systems. International Conference on Electronic Conference, Seoul:Korea.
Zaichkowsky, J. (1985). "Measuring the Involvement Construct." Journal of Consumer Research 12(December): 341-352.
Zaichkowsky, J. (1994). "The Personal Involvement Inventory: Reduction, Revision, and Application to Advertising." Journal of advertising 23(4): 59-70.
Zipkin, P. (2001). "The limits of Mass Customization." MIT Sloan Management Review Spring: 81-87.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
QR Code
QRCODE