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題名:家庭脈絡中青少年自主行為展現之研究----從系統整合歷程的觀點探討
作者:黃聖桂 引用關係
作者(外文):Shenkuei Huang
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:輔導與諮商系
指導教授:程小蘋
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2003
主題關鍵詞:青少年自主家庭系統整合歷程系統觀adolescentautonomyfamily systemintegrative process systems perspective
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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家庭脈絡中青少年自主行為展現之研究----從系統整合歷程的觀點探討
中文摘要
本文乃由Pinsof系統整合歷程的觀點探討「青少年子女自主」對子女及父母而言的經驗,以及「青少年自主」如何引發家庭成員互動影響。研究對象乃邀請有參與研究意願,三類特質不相同「緊迫釘人、對外封閉」「尊重自主、對外開放」「親權難以下達、無法親密」之家庭。並以家庭為單位進行深度訪談法以蒐集資料,進而歸納出「家庭脈絡中青少年自主行為展現之面貌」。研究發現如下:
一、母親與子女互動較多、管教特質較容易鬆動,是子女主要陳述自主意願的親長,容易形成母子(女)有較多衝突的印象;父親在子女自主行為發展上仍居關鍵性的地位,母親多半配合父親扮演互補的親職角色,否則容易形成管教權的競爭。
二、家庭因應青少年自主之了解應建構在生態系統之上,其中「學習自律」則是當下生態環境中的核心價值。立基於生態系統觀點,青少年之「自主行為」於家庭脈絡中呈現依賴父母、不再依賴而能與父母區辨、獨立自主、及社會化的自主等多層次;以及展現在認知、情感與行為多元自主的面貌。父母通常不信賴子女的自主能力,著眼於「當下行為」對「未來」影響的角度涉入干預子女的自主行為並以脫離與父母的共生關係,即應該表現符合社會價值的自律行為」;青少年的自主能力發展,展現在不同的能力層次,與年齡並無絕對的關係,並有認知、情感、行為難以整合的現象,對駕馭自主行為之能力仍不純熟。
三、從家庭系統循環互動的角度發現:親子關係既有延續性亦有階層性,影響父母對子女自主介入的效果。而青少年的自主意圖大同小異,因家規而有不同的展現方式;以衝突的方式表達自主代表家規僵化、界限可滲性低;自我裁量權高時代表家規鬆散界限可滲性高;可滲的家規是青少年自主發展的充分但非必要條件,界限的鬆動乃是親子雙方共同作用的結果。
研究者根據上述研究結果加以討論,並據此對實務工作者、及未來研究提出具體的建議。
The study of adolescents’ autonomy performance in family context ----From the integrative process systems perspective
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to explore the experience of personal and interpersonal interaction in family about〝adolescents’ autonomy performance in family context〞 based on Pinsof''s 〝integrative process systems perspective〞. The data were collected in using in-depth interview with three families. There were three kinds of characteristics of the families :〝constrain and rigid in family boundary〞〝respect autonomy and permeable in family boundary〞〝fail in discipline and lack of intimacy〞.
Results of this study are listed as follows:
1. Mother was unstable on the discipline but took more responsibility on childrearing. She was the person that children will express their autonomy intention. For this reason, mothers have more arguments with children for adolescence autonomy than fathers. Fathers were the key person to influence adolescence autonomy performance in family context. In parenting, mother complement with father otherwise there might be power struggle for child rearing.
2. Academic achievement was the core value of family when working on autonomy performance in family context. It would reflect on particular family and culture context. Autonomy development involved multi-levels (dependence; detachment; independent; self-regulation) and multi-dimensions (cognition; emotion; behavior). The parents usually do not believe that their children can free from threat of ambiguous society and can be self—direction. From that standpoint, parents think autonomy was roots from social value and self—regulation. The youth generation displayed their autonomy development on multi-abilities levels, independent from ages, and hard to integrate their cognition, emotional and behavioral dimensions of autonomy.
3. Family rules are important in determining how the same intention of autonomy being displayed. When there are conflicts between youth generation and their parents, it may symbol rigid rules in the family. When youth generation has power to make decisions for themselves, it symbolizes that family rules were flexible. Parent-child relationship is important in predicting the effect of parent interferes in youth autonomy. But permeable rules in the family are not the only factor for adolescent’s autonomy performance. Parent and child can reconstruct the family rules from the interaction.
Based on the study results, application and suggestions were emerged for counseling practice and future research.
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