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題名:台美旅客對國際觀光旅館之推薦式廣告效果的比較研究
作者:掌慶琳 引用關係
作者(外文):Janet Chang
校院名稱:中國文化大學
系所名稱:國際企業管理研究所
指導教授:謝安田
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2003
主題關鍵詞:廣告代言人國民文化推薦式廣告國際觀光旅館Advertising endorserNational cultureEndorsement advertisingInternational tourist hotel
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  雖然推薦式廣告效果與廣告代言人類型在學術領域上已經被多所探討,但是兩者之關係在實証研究仍不一致,而且前人的研究母體都是以單國為主,廣告代言人類型的操弄僅有兩三類。即便以旅館業為研究範圍,亦僅探討不同員工廣告代言人之廣告效果,其研究結果是否能一般化到所有廣告代言人類型,有待進一步釐清。因此,本研究從推薦式廣告的學術觀點,探討台美國際觀光旅館推薦式廣告效果何者較佳,並分析國民文化構面對此模式之干擾效果,可使跨文化推薦式廣告的知識體系更趨完整。
  本研究以台、美兩國在台國際觀光旅館住宿旅客為研究對象,採用二因子實驗設計法並發放問卷共計發出700份,回收有效樣本634份,有效回收率為92%。資料分析的方法以 MANOVA、ANOVA與Scheffe分析為主。研究結果顯示,以員工為廣告代言人之廣告效果,台灣旅客在影響消費者的廣告態度及購買意願方面,均較美籍旅客顯著;以專家為廣告代言人時,在影響消費者的廣告態度之效果方面,台灣旅客亦較美籍旅客顯著。
  另外,本研究亦發現,對國內國際觀光旅館旅客而言,使用員工廣告代言人在購買意願方面的效果上,效果最佳。至於,對美籍旅客而言,代言人類型在推薦式廣告效果上並無差異。鑑於此,本研究亦支持推薦式廣告策略受本土化趨勢影響的說法。
From the angle of empirical evidence, the relationships between types of endorsers and advertising effectiveness have been discussed despite of the discrepant results. Past research with respect to the advertising endorsers was solely focused on a single country; moreover, types of endorsers were manipulated by comparing two or three types at most e.g., celebrity, employees, and consumers (or experts). Very little research explored en-dorsers'''' advertising effect in the context of the hotel industry, however; only employees'''' endorsers were used as the independent variable. Thus, further efforts needed to clarify the advertising effectiveness for all endorsers'''' types in the International Tourist Hotels in order to generalize the finding for the sake of external validity. In addition, by con-ducting a comparative research of Taiwan and the USA, the epistemology in this field can be enriched through testifying Hofstede’s National Cultures’ dimensions.
The unit of analysis of this research is both Taiwanese and Americans who stayed at the International Tourist Hotels in Taiwan. Two-factorial factor design experimental method was employed. Seven hundred questionnaires were distributed and 634 are valid, the usable rate was 92%. The statistic method was using MANOVA, ANOVA, Scheffe, and descriptive statistics i.e., frequencies for the demographic variables for the respon-dents. The results showed that by using employee endorser, there is a significant differ-ence on the purchase intention. Furthermore, by using employee endorser, the advertis-ing effectiveness on the attitude towards brand is more significant for Taiwanese tourists than Americans. Whereas, the advertising effectiveness on the attitude towards printed advertisement is more significant for Taiwanese tourists than American tourists when using expert endorser. In addition, to Taiwanese respondents, employee endorser''''s ad-vertising effectiveness is more significant than other types of endorsers. Nevertheless, there is no significant difference regarding types of endorser’s advertising effectiveness among American tourists. The results support that National Cultures do impact travel-ers’ attitudes and purchase intention. Implication, limitations, suggestions for further studies are also provided.
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