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題名：呈現介面與亮度對比對認知(記憶與概念形成)績效之影響與腦波反應
作者：陳美香
作者(外文)：Mei-Hsiang Chen
校院名稱：國立臺灣科技大學
系所名稱：工業管理系
指導教授：謝光進
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2005
主題關鍵詞：呈現介面；Display Medium
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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科技的快速發展使得人獲取資訊及知識不在侷限於紙張中，人可以從電視、螢幕、紙張等眾多媒體(medium)中獲取資訊及知識，由於電腦的廣泛使用，特別是電子文件電子書等領域的開發及擴展，使得螢幕閱讀越來越普及。雖然有學者仍堅持紙張閱讀的益處絕非螢幕可以取代的，但電子書有容易使用、儲存、擷取及結構有彈性等優勢而得以不斷擴展。
本研究探討電腦螢幕和紙張兩種呈現媒介與亮度對比對記憶及概念形成績效的影響並輔以腦波（EEG）的評估。實驗結果顯示螢幕和紙張的記憶及概念形成績效無顯著差異。但受試者主觀感受卻呈現出明顯偏好書面閱讀。亮度對比顯著影響認憶及概念形成績效和腦波反應。受試者在亮度對比1：7時的績效優於1：3及1：11，顯示適度對比在認知功能上有最佳表現。更者，腦波反應中亮度對比1：7亦呈現出較低的心智負荷。此外，法則學習比屬性與法則學習（困難的概念形成）的作業完成時間較短，腦波強度也較低。
Reading from visual display terminal (VDT) is increasing enormously with widespread computer use. Whether it will affect higher cognitive processes deserves study. This first experiment explored the effect of display medium (screen vs. paper) and luminance contrast on memory performance, subjective preference and EEG response. Forty subjects performed a memory task in the experiment. The results showed that memory performance and EEG response were similar for the two display media. However, subjective preference was greater for paper than for screen and the difference was significant. Luminance contrast had significant effects on memory performance and EEG responses. Subjects showed better performance under contrast ratio 1:3 than under contrast ratio 1:15. θ-wave increase and α-wave suppression were also greater for contrast ratio1: 3 than for contrast ratio 1:15.
This second experiment investigated the effect of display medium (LCD screen vs. paper) and luminance contrast (1:3; 1:7; 1:11) on concept-formation performance and EEG responses. 96 men and 24 women participated in two concept-formation tasks (rule learning vs. attribute and rule learning) in the experiment. Concept-formation performance and EEG responses were similar for stimuli displayed on paper or LCD. The concern that LCD may be detrimental to conception-formation performance did not stand in the present study. However, luminance contrast had significant effects on time to complete a concept-formation task and EEG responses. The middle contrast (1:7) had the smallest mean EEG power, which indicated that this contrast might be appropriate for cognitive performance. It seemed that attributes of VDT such as luminance contrast instead of VDT in itself affect user’s cognitive processing. Participants’ performance was significantly faster and EEG power lower for the rule learning task as compared to an attribute and rule learning task.
Based on the results, guidelines for the optimal cognitive performance environment were suggested. The issues of display medium and luminance contrast are important because they may affect user performance and preference. The results of this study have implications for using computer in cognitive processing activities. In addition, the significant effect of luminance contrast on cognitive performance and EEG may assist in improving human-computer interaction.
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