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題名：環境與自然資源經濟的三個議題
作者：洪志銘
作者(外文)：Hung,Chih-Ming
校院名稱：國立政治大學
系所名稱：經濟研究所
指導教授：蕭代基
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2007
主題關鍵詞：綠色國民所得帳；烏魚；內生成長模型；Green GDP；Grey mullet；endogenous growth model
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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本論文由三篇文章所構成。第二章主要針對參考點（reference points）的選擇問題。在綠色國民所得帳中，選擇哪個參考點作為扣除環境質損與自然資源折耗是很重要的。由於既有文獻中的參考點選擇大多過於極端，本文遂針對文獻上的缺失，建議以法定的環保標準做為參考點，使得環境質損、環境效益、自然資源折耗與服務都可顯示出來。
第三章則以台灣的烏魚業為對象，以不合作賽局分析大陸漁民在烏魚迴游路徑上捕魚以及溫室效應對台灣漁業及消費者造成的影響。
第四章則指出Huang and Cai (1994)一文在理論模型設計上的問題，並提出改正，以使其論點獲得支持。
This dissertation is made up of three essays that address the issues of green net national product, renewable resources and pollution externalities.
In Chapter 2, the issue of choosing reference points is discussed. The reference point is a key parameter for estimating the values of environmental degradation and natural resource depletion that are used to adjust the Net National Product. Most of the reference points used in the literature are extreme points in the spectrum of environmental quality and may thus result in estimated values of degradation and depletion that are not consistent with the standard theory of environmental economics. In this chapter, we argue that by using clearly defined standards as reference points, e.g., environmental quality standards, for managing environmental quality and natural resources, correct values of environmental degradation and services, and natural resource depletion and direct nature services, as well as green NNP can emerge.
In Chapter 3, we examine the problem of non-cooperative fishing between Mainland China (MC) and Taiwan (TW) as well as the effects of rising sea surface temperature (SST) on the grey mullet fishery. By setting the three stages of the non-cooperative game, it is shown that the expansion of the fleets in MC and the rising SST cause the rent obtained from the TW fishery to decline, and that Taiwan may partially offset such an adverse effect by adjusting its fleet size. This essay also shows that Taiwan can expand its fleet to a greater extent when facing an imperfectly elastic demand for fish than when facing a perfectly elastic demand. In addition, when consumer welfare is included in the determination of the size of the fleet, fleet size can expand more than when profit is considered alone.
In Chapter 4, we point out the problems in Huang and Cai (1994) that arise from the absence of a “pollution externality.” We modify their model by introducing the emission tax and find that it supports Huang and Cai (1994)’s claim that the share of private abatement expenditure is constant at all times, a claim that is criticized by Shieh, et al. (2001).
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Sissener, E.H., and T. Bjørndal. 2005. Climate Change and the Migratory Pattern for Norwegian Spring-spawning Herring－Implications for Management. Marine Policy 29:299-309.
Tung, I.H. 1981. On the Fishery Biology of Grey Mullet, Mugil Cephalus Linnaeus, in Taiwan. Report of the Institute of Fishery Biology of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and National Taiwan University 3(4):38-102.
Clark, C.W., G.R. Munro, and U.R. Sumaila. 2005. Subsidies, Buybacks, and Sustainable Fisheries. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 50:47-58.
Dockner, E., G. Feichtinger, and A. Mehlmann. 1989. Noncooperative Solution for a Differential Game Model of Fishery. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 13:1-20.
Huang, C.S., 2005. Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Interviews.
Huang, C.S., J.C., Lin, and J.J. Huang. 2005. Investigation and Surveillance of Grey Mullet Resource. FRI Newsletter 9:1-5.
Huang, C.S., and W.C. Su. 1986. Analysis of the Fishing Condition of Grey Mullet in Taiwan, 1984-1985. Bulletin of Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute 40:89-104.
Hwang, S.Y. 1982. Study on the Fishery Biology of Grey Mullet (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus) of Taiwan. Bulletin of Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute 34:133-48.
Lee, K.T. 2004. Impact of Global Warming on the Coastal Fisheries, e.g., Gray Mullet and Eel Larval Fisheries in Taiwan. International Conference on Marine Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Manson, C.F., and S. Polasky. 1997. The Optimal Number of Firms in the Commons: A Dynamic Approach. Canadian Journal of Economics 30(4b):1143-60.
Markowski, M., A. Knapp, J.E. Neumann, and J. Gates. 1999. The Economic Impact of Climate Change on the US Commercial Fishing Industry. The Impact of Climate Change on the United States Economy. R. Mendelsohn and J.E. Neumann, eds., pp. 237-64. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Miller, K.A., and G.R. Munro. 2004. Climate and Cooperation: A New Perspective on the Management of Shared Fish Stocks. Marine Resource Economics 19:367-393.
Munro, G.R., and U.R. Sumaila. 2002. Subsidies and Their Potential Impact on the Management of Ecosystems of the North Atlantic. Fish Fisheries 3:233-50.
Naito, T., and S. Polasky. 1997. Analysis of a Highly Migratory Fish Stocks Fishery: A Game Theoretic Approach. Marine Resource Economics 12:179-201.
Pendleton, L.H., and R. Mendelsohn. 1998. Estimating the Economic Impact of Climate Change on the Freshwater Sportsfisheries of the Northeastern U.S. Land Economics 74(4):483-96.
Quinn, J., and G. Ruseski. 2001. Effort Subsidies and Entry Deterrence in Transboundary Fisheries. Natural Resource Modeling 14(3):369-89.
Rosenberg, A., M. Fogarty, M. Sissenwine, J. Beddington, and J. Shepherd. 1993. Achieving Sustainable Use of Renewable Resources. Science 262:828-29.
Ruseski, G. 1998. International Fish Wars: The Strategic Roles for Fleet Licensing and Effort Subsidies. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 36:70-88.
Shyu, C.Z., and T.J. Lee. 1986. Hydrographic Studies on the Area of the Taiwan Strait in Winter using Satellite IR Imagery and its Relationship to the Formation of Grey Mullet Fishing Grounds. Journal of the Fishery Society of Taiwan 12(2):98-122.
Sissener, E.H., and T. Bjørndal. 2005. Climate Change and the Migratory Pattern for Norwegian Spring-spawning Herring－Implications for Management. Marine Policy 29:299-309.
Tung, I.H. 1981. On the Fishery Biology of Grey Mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, in Taiwan. Report of the Institute of Fishery Biology of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and National Taiwan University 3(4):38-102.
Hettich, F. 1998. Growth Effects of a Revenue-Neutral Environmental Tax Reform. Journal of Economics 67(3): 287-316.
Hettich, F. 2000. Economic Growth and Environmental Policy. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham.
Huang, C.H., and D. Cai. 1994. Constant-Returns Endogenous Growth with Pollution Control. Environmental and Resource Economics 4(4): 383-400.
Oueslati, W. 2002. Environmental Policy in an Endogenous Growth Model with Human Capital and Endogenous Labor Supply. Economic Modelling 19: 487-507.
Shieh, J.Y., C.C. Lai, and J.H. Chen. 2001. A Comment on Huang and Cai’s Constant-Returns Endogenous Growth with Pollution Control. Environmental and Resource Economics 20(2): 165-172.
 
 
 
 
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