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題名：國防經濟學的三個議題-內生成長理論的應用
作者：阮俊英
作者(外文)：chun-ying Juan
校院名稱：逢甲大學
系所名稱：經濟學所
指導教授：賴景昌
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2008
主題關鍵詞：外國援助；國防支出；內生成長；社會福利；小型開放經濟；Foreign aid；Defense expenditures；Small open economy；Social welfare；Endogenous growth
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This dissertation uses endogenous growth models to highlight how the foreign aid for antiterrorism, the government’s resource allocation, and defense (import) spending will affect on economic growth. Chapter two makes a new attempt to investigate the role of foreign aid for antiterrorism in economic growth. Combining the Chatterjee and Turnovsky (2007) endogenous growth model with Shieh et al. (2002b) framework, we show that there exists an defense expenditure share which maximizes the economic growth rate, but this rate is smaller than the welfare-maximizing share. Meanwhile, we also find that the economic growth and social welfare to the recipient country are better than non-recipient one. This shows that the provided by support of the OECD countries will prescribe the recipient country to use partial support on the War on Terror in order to maintain international security.
Pertaining to the research of chapter three, the foreign aid, the national defense expense and the economic growth in chapter two(such as Shieh et al. (2002a, 2002b) and Tzeng et al. (2008)) are limited to the research of closed economic system but without any discussion of small open economic system. In few references of endogenous growth of open economic system, they only focus on the research of the real aspects (such as Turnovsky (1996a)) but ignore the factor of the monetary aspects. Chapter three analyzes the effects of a pre-announced change in the growth rate of the fraction of government spending devoted to weapon procurement expenditures in a small open economy. We show that an unanticipated increase in the fraction of government spending devoted to the growth of weapon procurement expenditures in relation to the private capital, core infrastructure, home weapons, and real output has an ambiguous impact on the equilibrium growth rate. This impact will depend upon the relative strength or weakness of the fraction of government spending allocated to home weapons as measured by the ratio of the elasticity of output with respect to home weapons to the sum of the elasticities of output with respect to home weapons and public capital.
Chapter four follows the discussion of chapter three, adding an investigation of the relationship between weapon import and economic growth. However, the relationship between the national defense expense and economic growth in the previous chapter neglects the truth that defense weapons of most countries are imported from. This chapter builds the open endogenous growth in order to examine how the government’s resource allocation between the defense import and non-defense sectors will both affect economic growth and social welfare. We demonstrate that there exists an defense import expenditure share to maximize the social welfare, but this rate and the economic growth rate is negative. This result can be viewed as a possible vehicle to explain why military aid is sharply reduced in many developing countries after the end of the Cold War.
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