以「權力/知識」理論統合司摩利特的結構鬆散之多元類型小說_

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題名：	以「權力/知識」理論統合司摩利特的結構鬆散之多元類型小說
作者：	白思明
作者(外文)：	Simon White
校院名稱：	國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱：	英語學系
指導教授：	廖本瑞
學位類別：	博士
出版日期：	2009
主題關鍵詞：	司摩利特；權力/知識；傅科；Smollett；Power/Knowledge；Foucault
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:21

司摩利特的作品並不受今人青睞，二十世紀下半葉，原本就稱不上踴躍的評論更是減少到屈指可數的地步。本論文企圖力挽狂瀾，扭轉司摩利特被打入「次等」文學的低微命運，主張在當今這個率爾輕忽司摩利特的時代裡，他本人與其筆下人物力爭上游的奮鬥依然貼近我們社會。本論文採用傅科的「權力/知識」理論來說明權力分配的改變以及權力分配底下個人地位改變的深度與強度，並指出司摩利特採納過又揚棄過許多文體，端視這些文體能否反映十八世紀中葉新社會結構中的個人地位。
第一章詳述這段期間政府與庶民的歷史改變。第二章以司摩利特的第一部小說《藍登傳》為例，說明這本傳奇流浪小說如何描繪男男女女在不友善世界中努力打拼的過程。第三章探討司摩利特日漸不滿傳統文體的束縛，在《皮哥探險記》和《費松姆傳》中大幅修正該文體。第四章的焦點放在司摩利特最公然主張的政治表達始末，凸顯沾染政治的論戰文學之缺點。最後，第五章的結論是司摩利特採用了顯然最理想的文體——修正版的書信敘事體，不但能反映面臨危機的個人，也滿足若干政治發聲的需求。
本論文認為，儘管傅科的「權力/知識」理論揚棄個人擁有自主權的觀念，司摩利特的作品依然呈現個人擁有自我主宰意志和選擇權的完整性。光憑這一點，他的作品就值得後人閱讀。

以文找文

Few people are reading Tobias George Smollett. The flow of criticism--never a flood--slowed to a trickle in the latter half of the twentieth century. This dissertation seeks to reverse this unwarranted slide into the obscurity of ‘minor’ literature, arguing for Smollett’s continued relevance in terms of his, and his characters’, struggles to preserve identity in a period threatening any such convenient certainties. Michel Foucault’s “Power/Knowledge” is used to illuminate the depth and magnitude of the change, both to the distribution of power and to the places for individuals within it. It is argued that Smollett adopted and abandoned many generic literary forms as they served or failed to serve to reflect the position of the individual within the new social establishment of the mid-eighteenth century. Chapter One details this historical shift for government and the governed. Chapter Two uses Smollett’s first novel, Roderick Random, to focus on the (picaresque) depiction of man’s, or woman’s, efforts in the face of a hostile world. Chapter Three examines Smollett’s growing frustrations with the limitations imposed by his traditional literary form, and on his extensive modifications to it in Peregrine Pickle and Ferdinand Count Fathom. Chapter Four follows the development of Smollett’s most overt political expression of protest, and highlights the drawbacks associated with a polemical literature of political engagement. Finally, Chapter Five concludes with his adoption of an apparently ideally suitable form--the modified epistolary narrative--which seems to reflect both the individual in crisis and supply the need for a certain voice of political commitment. This dissertation maintains that, whereas Foucault jettisons any serious notion of an individual with agency in power/knowledge, Smollett manages to retain the integrity of the individual in command of a will and in possession of a choice, and he deserves to be read in this light.

以文找文

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