運動訓練與輕度低氧對肌纖維類型轉變和醣類代謝的交互影響_

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題名：	運動訓練與輕度低氧對肌纖維類型轉變和醣類代謝的交互影響
作者：	吳明杰
作者(外文)：	Ming-Chieh Wu
校院名稱：	國立體育大學
系所名稱：	體育研究所
指導教授：	蔡櫻蘭郭家驊
學位類別：	博士
出版日期：	2011
主題關鍵詞：	胰島素阻抗現象；微血管增生；肥胖；insulin resistance；angiogenesis；obesity
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0) 排除自我引用:0 共同引用:0 點閱:29

實驗一為探討兩週運動訓練過程中肌肉型態學的改變與MEF2A和AMPK-PGC-1α訊息蛋白的關連。依體重配對方式將SD鼠分成四組：控制組（SED）、單次運動（TR1）、運動7天（TR7）、運動14天（TR14），每組各10隻，運動介入採用每日90分鐘的游泳訓練。此實驗發現肌肉微血管增生於7天運動訓練後顯現，相同時間點的蹠肌檸檬酸合成酶活性、GLUT4和MEF2A蛋白表現量顯著高於控制組，但比目魚肌未有相同的結果。14天運動介入可導致蹠肌Type IIb向IIa肌纖維類型轉變，然而肌肉PGC-1α和AMPKα蛋白表現與磷酸化未有變化。此結果證明運動訓練增加MEF2A蛋白可能為誘發肌纖維類型轉變的重要調節者。此外，肌肉型態適應的變化非為運動導致GLUT4蛋白增生的因素。實驗二為探討六週低氧訓練對於肥胖Zucker鼠的肌肉型態學和高胰島素症狀的影響。肥胖Zucker鼠隨機地細分成四組：控制組（CON）、運動訓練組（EX）、低氧組（HYP）、運動加低氧組（EX+HYP），每組各7隻。相同品系的瘦鼠亦有同樣的組別和數目。游泳訓練從每日30分鐘漸增至180分鐘，低氧刺激以常壓低氧方式使受試動物呼吸於14% O2 持續8小時。肥胖Zucker鼠的空腹胰島素濃度較高、葡萄糖耐受度和胰島素反應顯著較差。第六週實驗介入開始的檢測，肥胖鼠運動加低氧組的體重、空腹葡萄糖濃度、胰島素濃度、GAUC和IAUC皆顯著低於控制組，然而運動組僅有顯著改善GAUC。於實驗介入結束後，運動組蹠肌的微血管/肌纖維比值、微血管密度和Type IIa肌纖維百分比顯著高於控制組，而低氧訓練未呈現加成效應。此結果證實運動訓練合併低氧恢復有效地改善肥胖Zucker鼠的高胰島素症狀，此效應與體重下降有關，肌肉型態學的改變無明顯的改善效果。

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Study I: The main purpose of this study was to determine, whether variations in fiber type composition and capillary density are involved with AMPK-PGC-1α signaling pathway and MEF2A protein levels, over the period of a training program. For this study, weight-matched SD rats were categorized into sedentary and trained groups (trained for 1, 7 and 14 days, n=10 in each group). Training consisted of swimming exercise for 90 min/day. Citrate synthase (CS) activity, GLUT4 and MEF2A protein levels were significantly greater in plantaris muscle of 7-day trained group compared to the sedentary group, while, no change in soleus muscle. Fiber type transformation from type IIb-to-IIa in plantaris was evidenced following the last bout of training program. However, no significant differences in AMPKα Thr172 phosphorylation and PGC-1α protein levels in both muscles. Our results suggest that the increased of MEF2A protein expression may play an essential role in fiber type transformation in trained rat muscles. Study II: It is unknown whether hypoxia training can effectively suppress overweight and hyperinsulinemia for the genetically obese animals. In this study, both lean and obese Zucker rats were randomly assigned into the following groups: control (CON, N=7), exercise training (EX, N=7), hypoxia (HYP, N=7), and exercise training with hypoxia recovery (EX+HYP, N=7). During a 6-week training period, rats underwent swimming progressively from 30 to 180 min/day and recovered under hypoxia (14% oxygen for 8 h/day). Obese Zucker rats exhibited substantially greater fasted insulin and exaggerated glucose and insulin responses following an oral glucose challenge compared with lean rats. At the beginning of the Week 6, body weight, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, area under curve of glucose and insulin in the EX+HYP group were significantly lower than those in the CON group for the obese rats. Only GAUC in the EX group was significantly lower than that in the CON group. At the end of the Week 6, capillaries to fiber ratio (C/F), capillary density (CD), and type IIa fiber proportion of plantaris muscle in the EX group were significantly greater than those in the CON group (P < 0.05), but no additive effect of hypoxia on exercise training was observed. Our data demonstrate that exercise training with prolonged hypoxia recovery provides strong metabolic benefits for the obese Zucker rats. This advantage was closely associated with effective weight reduction but less associated with alterations in skeletal muscle properties.

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