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題名:高中教師靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感量表的編製及其預測模式之研究
作者:陳慧姿
校院名稱:高雄師範大學
系所名稱:教育學系
指導教授:吳裕益
張淑美
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2013
主題關鍵詞:高中教師靈性健康寬恕主觀幸福感生命教育senior high school teachersspiritual healthforgivenesssubjective well-beinglife education
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本研究旨在編製靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感量表及建立全國性常模,並探討高中教師靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感的狀況、差異及預測模式。本研究採用問卷調查法,以自編之「高中教師靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感量表」為研究工具,研究對象為全國的高中教師,預試樣本抽取 12 校 377 位教師,進行探索性因素分析,以做為量表信、效度分析之依據;正式樣本共發出 51 校 1127 份,有效問卷為 1066 份,回收率為 94.59%,分析不同背景高中教師在靈性健康、寬恕和主觀幸福感之差異,並進一步探討靈性健康、寬恕和主觀幸福感量表的測量模式適配度,以及靈性健康對寬恕及主觀幸福感的預測力,並針對高中教師的性別和年齡建立全國性百分等級與標準分數常模。研究工具包含「基本資料表」、「靈性健康量表」、「寬恕量表」及「主觀幸福感量表」。本研究資料以SPSS統計軟體進行描述性統計、探索性因素分析、驗證性因素分析、多變量變異數分析及結構方程模式分析資料。研究發現如下:
一、高中教師的靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感量表的測量模式契合觀察資料,具
有良好的信、效度。
二、高中教師靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感之現況頗佳。
三、男性、年齡50歲以上、已婚、教學年資20年以上、擔任主任、任教國文科、生命教育研習時數41小時以上、有宗教信仰、宗教虔誠度較高、較常參與宗教團體活動及每天宗教自修的高中教師,其靈性健康整體及分層面均顯著較佳。
四、年齡較長、教學年資5年以上、研習過生命教育時數、有宗教信仰、宗教虔誠度較高、較常參與宗教團體活動及每天或每週宗教自修的高中教師,其寬恕整體及分層面均顯著較佳。
五、男性、年齡40歲以上、已婚、教學年資5年以上、有宗教信仰、宗教虔誠度較高、較常參與宗教團體活動及每天宗教自修的高中教師,其主觀幸福感整體及分層面均顯著較佳。
六、高中教師靈性健康的「活出意義」、「人際締結」和「超越自我」可有效預測寬恕的非「無法寬恕」、「寬恕他人」和「寬恕自己」。
七、高中教師靈性健康的「活出意義」和「超越自我」可有效預測主觀幸福感的非「負向情緒」、「正向情緒」和「生活滿意」。
八、本研究所建立的台灣地區高中教師靈性健康、寬恕與主觀幸福感量表百分等級與標準分數(T)常模,除全體教師常模外,亦分別建立性別和年齡常模。
根據本研究之發現與結論,分別對高中教師、學校行政、教育行政機關、未來研究等方面提出具體建議,以作為教育推廣與後續研究之參考。
關鍵詞:高中教師、靈性健康、寬恕、主觀幸福感、生命教育
This study aims to develop the scales of spiritual health, forgiveness, and subjective well-being and to explore their relationships of senior high school teachers, and further establish the standard norms. The subjects were selected by random sampling from the Taiwan area. There were 377 samples from 12 senior high schools for the pilot test to construct the reliability and validity of the scales. In the formal study, 1127 copies of the questionnaires were distributed to 51 schools and 1066 were returned. Among them, 94.59% were valid. The tools of this research are “Personal Data Sheet,” “The Scales of Spiritual Health,” “The Scales of Forgiveness,” and “The Scales of Subjective Well-being.” The collected data are processed by Descriptive Statistics, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), One-way ANOVA, One-way MANOVA, and Structural Equation Modeling Analysis(SEM) with the statistic software SPSS. The findings are summarized as follows:
I. The reliability and validity of the scales of spiritual health, forgiveness, and subjective well-being of senior high school teachers are solid.
II. The status of high school teachers’ spiritual health, forgiveness and subjective well-being is fine.
III. Those who are male, married, over 50 years old, have taught more than 20 years, serve as directors in school, teach Chinese, have taken life-education lessons for more than 41 hours, have a higher commitment in religion, or keep religious practice in daily life show higher spiritual health.
IV. Those who are senior in age, have taught more than 5 years, have taken life-education lessons, have a higher commitment in religion, or keep religious practice in daily life show higher forgiveness.
V. Those who are over 40 years old, married, have taught more than 5 years, have a higher commitment in religion, or keep religious practice in daily life show a stronger sense on subjective well-being.
VI. The scores of spiritual health subscales can predict those of forgiveness scale.
VII. The scores of spiritual health subscales can predict those of subjective well-being scale.
VIII. The standard norms of spiritual health, forgiveness and subjective well-being ranked by gender and age have significant meanings on education.
Based on the findings of this research, concrete suggestions are proposed to senior high school teachers, school and educational administration and researchers for future studies.
Key words:senior high school teachers, spiritual health, forgiveness,subjective well-being, life education
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