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題名:繪本媒體設計的魅力因素與其對兒童注意力之研究
作者:魏君純
作者(外文):Chun-ChunWei
校院名稱:國立成功大學
系所名稱:工業設計學系
指導教授:馬敏元
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2015
主題關鍵詞:繪本媒體形式兒童注意力魅力工學腦電波性別差異Media Forms of Picture BooksChildren’s AttentionMiryoku EngineeringElectroencephalography (EEG)Gender Difference
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兒童早期的認知發展是利用各種感官刺激,幫助他們閱讀、理解與學習。而現今繪本出版的市場中,以各種感官刺激的傳達媒體形式(如聲音、動畫等),給予讀者不同的閱讀經驗,以提升兒童讀者的興趣與注意力。文獻指出,繪本所具備的魅力特質,可增進兒童的閱讀與理解能力,使繪本廣泛應用於兒童教育上;而兒童的注意力狀態,確實也會影響兒童的學習表現。有鑑於此,本研究主要的目的在於探討不同媒體形式的繪本,吸引兒童的魅力要素與注意力的影響分別為何。本實驗設計可分為兩階段進行:首先進行「繪本設計形式魅力要素」之分析;第二階段則為「兒童注意力腦電波」實驗:分析不同年齡、性別的兒童,對於各形式繪本的注意力表現為何。根據繪本魅力要素分析的結果顯示,繪本吸引人的魅力為平面書的「簡單易懂的版面設計」、「輕薄的書本」和「擁有書的感覺」;立體書的「變化性多的頁面」;以及有聲書/電子書的「多功能的閱讀方式」和「可生動地表現故事情節」六個主要之魅力項目。另外,家長較重視繪本的媒體形式所具備的互動學習等多功能,而閱讀經驗也會影響兒童對於繪本魅力的評價;在注意力腦電波實驗結果發現,兒童的注意力在不同媒體形式的繪本中,「性別」的影響高於「年齡」的差異。根據研究結果,研究者建議對於國小中高年級的男性兒童,可挑選多重感官刺激的有聲繪本或電子繪本;對於女性兒童則可分為中年級與高年級兩部分,在中年級方面以有聲繪本為優先選擇之繪本媒體類型。對於國小高年級女孩,則可選用一般的平面繪本,以避免過多的外在多媒體的刺激,反而會干擾會影響其閱讀時的專注力。綜合以上所述,本研究結果可作為父母和老師於選擇繪本媒體時之參考依據,藉此提升兒童的注意力與學習表現。
The reading development of children depends on various sensory stimuli to help them construct reading contexts and facilitate active learning and exploration. This study uses sensory stimuli provided by picture books using various forms of media to improve children's attention performance. We employ picture books using four forms of media: conventional books, pop-up books, talking books, and e-books. Miryoku Engineering is adopted to explore how children and parents select picture books and the influential attractiveness factors, and the NeuroSky MindBand is used as a tool to measure attention in this study. According to attractiveness evaluations, six major attractiveness factors identified by Evaluation Grid Method are “Simple and Comprehensible Layout Design”, “Thin and Lightweight Dimensions”, and “The Sense of Ownership” for conventional book, “Various Page Displays” for pop-up book, and “Multifunctional Reading Methods” and “Vivid Story Plots” for talking book and e-book. The evaluation result shows that parents focus on the learning efficacy and functionality of picture books, while children enjoy reading with colorful pictures and diverse styles between pages. Moreover, the reading experience has a significant influence on children’s sensory preferences regarding the attractiveness factors of picture books. In attention EEG experiment, children in Grade 3 express higher attention and interest than children in Grade 6 in picture books, and the effect of gender is greater than that of grade on the level of attention invest in picture book media form exhibits a significant interaction and effects on children's attention performance. As a result, we suggest that talking books or e-books, which provide multisensory stimuli, should be selected for elementary school boys. In addition, talking books should be selected for girls in young elementary school students, while conventional books should be used for girls in senior elementary school students to avoid distraction caused by excessive media stimuli. The result of this paper can be used as important references for children, parents and teachers to select appropriate picture books.
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