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題名:循環督導模式歷程中督導要素之內涵與流動
作者:廖佳慧
作者(外文):LIAO, CHIA-HUI
校院名稱:國立暨南國際大學
系所名稱:諮商心理與人力資源發展學系輔導與諮商研究所
指導教授:蕭文
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2017
主題關鍵詞:循環督導模式諮商督導督導歷程督導要素Circulation Model of Counseling Supervisioncounseling supervisionprocess of the supervisionsupervisory elements
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本研究目的在於探究循環督導模式歷程中督導要素之內涵與流動,研究者以立意抽樣為取樣原則,共招募三位輔導與諮商相關研究所畢業,具輔導與諮商相關經驗三年內的新手諮商師為研究參與者,以循環督導模式進行六次督導。本研究以發現取向研究法進行資料分析,研究結果如下:
一、循環督導模式歷程中督導要素內涵
(一)循環督導模式歷程中督導要素內涵組成
本研究運用循環督導模式,在督導歷程中發現督導要素內涵,共有五大督導要素,十三類細項內容,內涵組成如下:
1.「諮商師」督導要素:包括「諮商師知覺」、「當事人概念化」、「諮商師困境」、「諮商師優勢」、「諮商師重新理解」、「諮商師自我評估」等等內涵。
2.「當事人」督導要素:主要為「當事人相關背景資料」。
3.「問題」督導要素:主要為「對當事人問題認識」。
4.「情境」督導要素:包括「諮商關係」及「諮商行為」等內涵。
5.「諮商方法」督導要素:包括「諮商處遇與評估」、「調整諮商處遇與評估」及「預估當事人改變」等內涵。
(二)督導要素在循環督導模式中應用情形
1.督導要素在循環督導模式整體運用頻率
「諮商師」督導要素在循環督導模式整體運用比例為最高,次之為「諮商方法」督導要素,再其次分別為「情境」及「問題」督導要素;「當事人」督導要素在循環督導模式整體運用比例為最低。
2.循環督導模式與督導要素內涵之互動關係
循環督導模式與督導要素內涵之互動關係如下:1.步驟一中「諮商師」督導要素出現次數最多,其次為「問題」督導要素;2.步驟二中「諮商方法」督導要素出現次數最多,其次為「諮商師」督導要素;3. 步驟三中「諮商師」督導要素出現次數最多;4.步驟四中「諮商方法」督導要素出現次數最多,其次為「諮商師」督導要素;5.步驟五中「諮商師」督導要素出現次數最多,其次為「諮商方法」督導要素。
二、循環督導模式歷程中督導要素內涵的流動
(一)循環督導模式與督導要素內涵流動特性:循環督導模式主要督導架構各有主要對應的督導要素;循環督導架構循環流動,對應的督導要素亦隨之流動。
(二)掌握循環督導模式督導架構主軸重心,善用主要循環及次要循環進出路徑之流動,獲得符合發展程度的專業知能。
(三)彈性運用循環督導模式「第一步驟→第三步驟→第二步驟→第四步驟」的督導架構進行知覺轉換。
本研究根據研究結果,針對諮商督導的訓練與應用及未來研究提出建議。
This study aims to explore the connotation and flow of the supervisory elements in the process of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision. The researcher used a purposive method and recruited three novice counselors within three years as participants who were graduated from counseling and consultation related graduate school with related counseling experiences, and did Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision for six times. In this study, the discovery-oriented approach was carried out by analyzing the text data, the findings of this study showed as the following:
First, the connotation of the supervisory elements in the process of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision:
1.The composition of the connotation of the supervisory elements in the process of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision
This study used Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision, during the process of supervision, we found the connotation of the supervisory elements containing a total of five major supervisory elements and thirteen categories of items as the following:
(1) Supervisory elements of "Counselor": including "Counselor's Perception", "Conceptualization of the Client", "Counselor's Dilemma", "Counselor's Advantage", "Counselor's Re-understanding", and "Counselor's Self-Evaluation ".
(2) Supervisory elements of "Client": The main one was "relevant background information of the Client" was main.
(3) Supervisory elements of "Problem": The main one was "Know the issue of the clients."
(4) Supervisory elements of "Context": including "counseling relations" and "counseling conduct".
(5) Supervisory elements of "Counseling method": including "Counseling and Assessment", "Adjustment of Counseling and Assessment" and "Estimation of Change of Clients".
2. The application of the supervisory elements in Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision
(1)The overall use frequency of the supervisory elements in the Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision
The supervisory elements of "Counselor" had the highest rate of the overall use in Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision, next was the supervisory elements of "Counseling method", followed by the supervisory elements of "Situation" and "Problem"; the supervisory elements of "Client" had the lowest rate of the overall use in Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision.
(2)The relationship interaction between Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision and the connotation of supervisory elements
The interaction between Circulation Supervision Model of Counseling Supervision and the connotation of the supervisory elements was as the following: in Step 1, the supervisory elements of "Counselor" appeared most times, followed by the supervisory elements of "Problem"; in Step 2, the supervisory elements of "Counseling method" appeared most times, followed by the supervisory elements of "Counselor"; in Step 3, the supervisory elements of "Counselor" appeared most times; in Step 4, the supervisory elements of "Counseling method" appeared most times, followed by the supervisory elements of "Counselor"; in Step 5, the supervisory elements of "Counselor" appeared most times, followed by the supervisory elements of " Counseling method".
Second, the flow of supervisory elements in the process of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision:
1.The characteristics of the flow between Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision and the connotation of supervisory elements: supervisory elements and the main structure of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision were corresponding to each other. When the supervision structure of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision flows, the corresponding supervisory elements also will flow.
2.By mastering the main axis of the supervision structure of Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision, as well as making good use of the flow of accessing to the main circulation and the secondary circulation, the counselor could be helped obtain professional knowledge that meets the degree of development.
3.To use flexibly the structure of "Step 1 → Step 3 → Step 2→ Step 4" in Circulation Model of Counseling Supervision could assist the counselor to carry out the perception conversion.
Based on the research results, this study makes some suggestions on the training and application of counseling supervision and future research.
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