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題名：中高齡者阻力運動血壓變化與代謝適能指標關聯性之研究
作者：侯昌連
作者(外文)：HO CHANG-LIEN
校院名稱：國立體育大學
系所名稱：競技與教練科學研究所
指導教授：邱炳坤
陳美燕
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2017
主題關鍵詞：中高年齡者；代謝症候群；阻力訓練；運動中血壓；middle-aged and elderly adults；metabolic syndrome；resistance training；blood pressure during exercise
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背景：罹患代謝症候群的中高年齡患者，由於身體活動度的減低以及胰島素抗性導致肌肉量的快速減少，進而影響執行日常任務功能的能力，如平地行走，爬樓梯，從椅子站立等基本能力，提高跌倒的風險，而阻力運動能有效的改善肌肉量不足的狀況。但在從事阻力運動之時，罹患代謝症候群的中高年齡患者容易產生運動性高血壓，因此如何加以早期防治為目前重要的臨床課題。目的：本研究的主要目的是希望瞭解罹患代謝症候群的中高年齡者在從事不同強度阻力訓練中的血壓變化情形，另外則希望能瞭解不同代謝症候群危險因子與阻力運動之血壓變化的關係，作為從事阻力運動之參考，希望能針對此族群，提供各運動中心、運動教練及運動指導員更具體的阻力運動指導方針。方法：本研究將符合中高年齡族群的受測者（45~65歲），分為：罹患代謝症候群組（n=10）與未罹患代謝症候群組（n=10）。所有受測者均於研究檢測前接受下列檢測：（1）代謝異常因子：包含腰圍、休息血壓(BP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、三酸甘油酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL)，（2）安靜代謝率與身體組成，（3）最大肌力檢測。所有受測者皆給予不同強度的阻力運動訓練，並於訓練的前、中、後分別檢測其血壓，以掌握其血壓變化情形。結果：（1）罹患代謝症候群的中高年齡者從事阻力運動時的運動中血壓顯著高於未罹患代謝症候群的中高年齡者。（2）阻力運動的強度越高，則運動中的血壓會顯著增加。（3）代謝異常因子數量並不會顯著強化從事阻力運動時的運動中血壓。結論：本研究結果顯示，罹患代謝症候群的患者在從事阻力運動時其運動中的血壓會顯著高於未罹患代謝症候群的族群，因此在從事阻力運動時更應該隨時注意運動中血壓的變化，應該避免高強度阻力訓練。本族群之阻力強度建議在60％1RM的範圍內是較為安全。
Background: The rapid loss of muscle mass is common in middle-aged and elderly adults with metabolic syndrome due to lower physical activity and insulin resistance. The phenomenons reduce the abilities to maintain daily life ex. walking, climbing stairs, sitting to standing and increase fall risks. Resistance training can effectively improve muscle mass and reduce fall risk. However, given that during resistance training middle-aged and elderly adults with metabolic syndrome have a higher risk of developing exercise hypertension, early prevention is an important issue to be concerned. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the changes of blood pressure after different intensities of resistance training in middle-aged and elderly adults with metabolic syndrome. Another aim was to find out the relationship between the risk factors of metabolic syndrome and blood pressure changes after resistance training. The study findings may serve as a guide for sports centers, coaches and instructors to help this specific group do resistance training.Methods: This research was conducted by dividing all middle-aged and elderly subjects (45 to 65 years old) into two groups: subjects with metabolic syndrome (n=10) and without metabolic syndrome (n=10). All subjects were assigned the following tests before resistance training. (1) Metabolic risk factors including waist circumference, resting blood pressure (BP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL); (2) resting metabolic rate and body composition; and (3) maximal muscular strength test. We conducted different intensities of resistance training on subjects and examined their BP before, during and after resistance training for monitoring BP fluctuation. Results: The results revealed that during resistance training the BP of the subjects with metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than the other group. Besides, during resistance training, the BP significantly increased with the higher loading intensity. The results also showed that the number of metabolic risk factors could not significantly increase BP during resistance training.
Conclusion: According our results, the group with metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly adults whose BP were significantly higher than without metabolic syndrome adults during resistance training. Therefore, the group should concern about BP fluctuation especially in high intensity resistnace exercises. For safety, we sugget that middle-aged and elderly adults with metabolic syndrome do not carry out resistance exercises to surpass the 60%1RM intensity.
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