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題名:國際化程度、創新能力對於組織績效的影響 – 以在中國大陸的臺灣電子廠商為例
作者:鄧天強
作者(外文):Tien-Chiang Teng
校院名稱:國立中興大學
系所名稱:企業管理學系所
指導教授:林谷合
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:臺灣電子廠商國際化程度創新能力社會資本慣性Taiwanese Electronics ManufacturersDegree of InternationalizationInnovation CapabilitySocial CapitalInertia
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對於臺灣的生產總額,電子產業占有很重要的地位角色,又特別是在兩岸之間的社會文化、地理距離與成本的考量之下,臺灣的電子廠商在開放的早期就將中國大陸視為是首選直接對外投資的地點,因而衡量臺灣電子廠商在中國大陸國際化程度對於組織績效的影響。但由於電子產品無論是在同業之間的研發技術、生產流程或是消費者喜好的環境快速變動之下,創新能力對於組織績效的影響更是明顯。其中,本研究論文還考量到了內部(慣性)與外部(社會資本)兩種會對於組織績效結果造成干擾的變數。
在透過195份的問卷資料調查與分析後,有超過5成是屬於半導體與被動元件的電子廠商,有7成以上都是初次就以獨資的方式進入到中國大陸的市場,而以合併與收購的方式來進入中國大陸市場者,無論在社會資本當中的認知鑲嵌或是應用性的創新能力,在得分上都顯著較高。此外,於中國大陸國際化程度越高的廠商,在近期未來的發展越容易受到大環境變動的影響。而在創新能力對於組織績效之間的正向影響,會同時受到社會資本與慣性的增強干擾效果。
因而最終總結出對於中國大陸的臺灣電子廠商子公司兩項實務上的建議:(1)可以設立位於具有創新研發的機構或學校附近,透過邊陲相關的供應鏈產品來打入當地的網絡,並且在長期下透過非正式的關係來增進信任感;(2)派遣臺灣母國具有資深經驗的高階管理人員於當地,並且成立科技指導委員會小組,以增進母子公司之間關於創新知識的流動。
For Taiwan’s total production amount, the electronics industry plays a very important role. In particular, considering the social, cultural, geographic distance, and cost between Taiwan and China. Taiwan’s electronics manufacturers all regarded China as preferred foreign direct investment area in the early stages when opening the door to trade, thus measuring the impact of Taiwanese electronics manufacturers’ degree of internationalization in China on organizational performance. However, due to the rapid changes in electronic products, whether in the R&D technology, production process, or consumer preferences, the impact of innovation capability on organizational performance is even more obvious. Furthermore, our research paper also considers two variables, which internal (inertia) and external (social capital) will moderate effect on organizational performance.
After receiving 195 questionnaires and analyzed, more than half are electronic manufacturers of semiconductors and passive components, and more than 70% have entered the Chinese market as a greenfield for the first time. Through mergers and acquisitions those who enter the Chinese market, whether the cognitive embeddedness of social capital or the exploratory innovation capability, both scores are significantly higher. In addition, the higher degree of internationalized manufacturers in China, development is more likely to be affected by environmental changes in the near future. The positive impact of innovation ability on organizational performance will be affected by the enhanced moderating effect of social capital and inertia at the same time.
Therefore, we finally concluded two practical suggestions for the subsidiaries of Taiwanese electronics manufacturers in China: (1) they can set up subsidiaries nearby institutions or universities with innovation, enter into local network through periphery supply chain products, and enhance trust through informal relationships in the long run; (2) dispatch senior managers with senior experience from Taiwan's home country and create an technology steering committee group to enhance the flow of innovation knowledge between parent and subsidiary.
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