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題名:對傳承的關鍵觀點- 台灣家族企業內現任者與接班人
作者:陳淑惠
作者(外文):Chen, Shu-Hui
校院名稱:中原大學
系所名稱:商學博士學位學程
指導教授:李正文
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2022
主題關鍵詞:家族內部企業接班企業傳承多準則決策分析管家理論代理理論Intra-family business successionBusiness successionMulti-criteria decision makingSteward theoryAgency theory
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中小企業家族企業在世界經濟中扮演著至關重要的角色,其重要性已被公認為可持續幫助經濟增長和平衡的原因。然而,台灣家族企業主年齡趨近老化,代際傳承已成為現下中小企業家族所面臨的最大問題。因時代變遷商業環境產生巨變,世代所處之經濟環境及價值觀等差異,造成許多家族企業因兩代觀念不同導致傳承危機,此危機對於家族乃至於國家經濟都是攸關存亡而至關重要的問題。
本研究以華人文化影響下的台灣家族企業內部傳承為範圍,探討在家族內的傳承中,哪些因素對於在位者和繼任者來說最為關鍵,並了解這些因素的比重在任者與繼任者的決策行為是否存在差異,討論其差異衝突所造成家族傳承的困擾。故此,研究者在蒐集相關文獻之後,參考利害關係人理論、高層理論、管家理論和代理理論的觀點,發展相關研究問題,並基於根據學者研究歸納為四個面向,分別為個人構面、人際構面、組織構面與環境構面,並依此四構面參照以往相關學術成果,衍伸27個關鍵因素進行研究。
本研究方法採用多準則決策分析的方法以便釐清決策相關問題,運用德爾菲研究法邀請12位專家學者取得研究架構,輔以方便抽樣邀請15對在位者與繼任者進行決策室實驗法的分析各重要因素之間的權重,藉以了解在位者與繼任者的接班決策之認知差異,最後以重要表現分析法引用圖像方式說明在位者與繼任者的認知異同,研究發現家族企業傳承須解決在位者的家族傳承計畫問題,並使繼任者的繼承意願獲得滿足,研究中並解說各因素中的重要關聯及提出相關建議,供學者、相關利益團體及執政者參考。
SME family businesses play a vital role in the world economy and their importance has been recognized as a sustainable contributor to economic growth and balance. However, the ageing of family business owners in Taiwan has made intergenerational succession the major problem facing of SME family firms. As a result of the dramatic changes in the business environment many family businesses are facing a succession crisis due to the different concepts of the two generations, which is a critical issue for the survival of the family and the national economy.
In this study, we investigate factors which are most critical for the incumbents and successors within the family succession process, and find out whether there are differences in the decision-making behaviors of the incumbents and successors, and discuss the problems of family succession caused by the conflicts of these differences. Therefore, after collecting relevant literature, the researcher developed relevant research questions by referring to the perspectives of stakeholder theory, upper echelons theory, stewardship theory and agency theory. Summarized previous literature into four dimensions namely, individual dimension, interpersonal dimension, organizational dimension, environmental dimension, and derived 27 critical factors.
Adopted a multi-criteria decision analysis approach to clarify decision-related issues. 12 experts and scholars were invited to conduct a research framework in the Delphi method, and 15 pairs of incumbents and successors were invited to comportment a DEMATEL analyze to obtain the weight of each critical factor for recognize the cognitive differences between incumbents' and successors' succession decisions. As can be conclude, the study found that for incumbent the family business succession needs to address and satisfactory is the key for the successor's succession desire. The study also explained the important relationships among the factors and made relevant suggestions for scholars, related interest groups, and politicians.
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