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題名:探討桌球專業課程介入對國小學童執行功能影響之研究
作者:劉羿德
作者(外文):Liu, Yi-Te
校院名稱:臺北市立大學
系所名稱:競技運動訓練研究所
指導教授:陳奕良
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2024
主題關鍵詞:桌球運動認知功能執行功能國小孩童Table tenniscognitive functionexecutive functionelementary school children
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桌球運動屬於開放性運動的一種,除了對學習者技術能力具有一定要求外,對身、心反應亦具有強烈的刺激。同時學界研究亦顯示,適當的身體活動可以增進青少年孩童的認知功能、並強化執行功能。本研究探討桌球專業課程介入對國小孩童孩童執行功能的影響程度。研究方法以威斯康辛卡片分類測驗(Wisconsin Card Sorting Test,WCST)、客觀測量儀器、認知功能軟體做為研究工具,以彰化市立某間國小四年級共60名學童為研究對象,分為實験組及控制組,針對實験組受試者進行為期10週的桌球訓練介入,每週2次,每次50分鐘;控制組則無訓練課程介入。2組於桌球訓練介入前、後,以及介入一個月後等,進行3次的執行功能測驗。
研究結果發現,實験組學童在固執性錯誤、固執性反應、概念水準反應、非固執性錯誤等向度,呈現顯著差異;控制組改善幅度較小或無顯著改變。實驗結果證實桌球運動介入有助於改善學童注意力、工作記憶以及彈性轉換能力等等執行功能能力。
Purpose: Table tennis is an open motor skill sport. Therefore, the learners are not only demanded to possess a certain level of skills to play well, but they are also strongly stimulated physically and mentally while playing. Research has also shown that appropriate exercises can improve and enhance children's and teenagers' cognitive and executive functions. This study investigates the effect of the intervention of professional table tennis training courses on elementary school students’ executive functions. Method: This study adopted the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), objective measuring instruments, and executive function software as the research method. 60 fourth-grade students at an elementary school in Changhua participated in the experiment, and they were randomly allocated to the experimental group and the control group. The participants of the experimental group had 50 minutes of table tennis training twice a week for 10 weeks. In contrast, the control group had no intervention of training courses. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was evaluated before the intervention (pre-test), immediately after the 10-week intervention (post-test), and one month after the intervention (follow-up test), three times of executive function tests were taken in total. Results: In the post-test examination, the children in the experimental group had significant improvement in perseverative errors, perseverative responses, conceptual level responses, and non-perseverative errors. The control group had slight or no significant improvement. Conclusion: The result shows that the intervention of table tennis helps improve children’s executive functions such as concentration, working memory, and cognitive flexibility.
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