本研究之目的在進一步了解目前世界高水準之國際性比賽中，黃、紅牌的實施狀 況，探討其使用的規律及特點。本研究以 '90、'94、'98 三屆世界盃足球賽全部共 168 場 比賽為研究對象。 自 NHK 及華視轉播，將三屆世界盃足球會內賽全部比賽過程之實況，利 用 V.T.R. 錄製而成，並於臺灣體育學院足球研究室，經 V.T.R. 放影觀看，再生慢速反映 、反覆觀察，並記錄紅、黃牌出現之過程，加以分析探討。 結果獲得以下幾點結語： 一、在三屆世界盃足球賽中，紅、黃牌犯規次數，均有漸增的趨勢。其中，黃牌犯規的次數 比紅牌出現（ P<0.01 ）的顯著差異。 二、在世界盃三屆比賽中不同階段，紅牌在第一與第二階段中並未出現顯著差異，黃牌則出 現（ P<0.05 ）的顯著差異。 三、在三屆比賽中，不同區域紅、黃牌之比較，紅牌次數以防守區域＞中場區域＞攻擊區域 ；而黃牌次數以中場區域＞防守區域＞攻擊區域。 四、在三屆比賽中，被判紅、黃牌之原因中，以行為惡劣及嚴重犯規為最多，其中又以鏟球 絆倒之犯規，最為普遍。

　　　　　The purpose of this study is to have a further understading of the actual condition of yellow and red cards in world's high standard of international match at present, to explore the regulation applied and its characteristic. These have great significance in upgrading the stadard of rdferees' judgement and the individual technique of players and giving full play to their technique in the field. This study was made on the 168 games during the '90、 '94, and '98 World Football Cup. I used a VTR to record the process of all the games in the three world football cup matches from the televised program made by NHK and CTS and played them in the football laboratory of Taiwan College of Physical Education, regenerating a slow-motion projection, repetitious observation, and recorded the process of the appearance of red and yellow cards, and make further analysis and study. The followings are the conclusion arrived: 1. Red and yellow foul cards appeared more and more often during the three world football cups. In which, the appearance of red card was 16 �� match>14 �� match>15 �� match and the appearance of yellow card was 16 �� match>15 �� match>14 �� match. The reason was that the number of games increased and the competition in the field became fiercer everyday. 2. As to the comparison of the appearance of red and yellow cards at different stages of the three world football cups, both were better in the second stage than in the first stage. 3. As to the comparison of the appearance of red and yellow cards at different stages of the three world football cups, the appearance of red card was defense zone>center>attack zone while the appearance of yellow card was center>defense zone>attack zone. 4. Most of the reasons for being given the penalty of red card and yellow card in the three world football cups are malicious behavior and serious foul. In which intentional tripping was the most common.