現代公共圖書館擔負多重任務，為達成功能與目標，其館藏發展常為關鍵因素。國際圖書館協會聯盟最近研訂「公共圖書館服務：發展指南」草案，對於廿一世紀公共圖書館館藏發展方向提出重要指引，包括館藏展的原則、使用者需求導向、館藏發展政策的制訂、館藏涵蓋的資源範圍與形式、館藏資源的標準等。本文基於上述要點，探討臺灣地區公共圖書館的館藏發展近況與問題，涵蓋各級公共圖書館館藏統計，以及館藏發展的工作，並以「公共圖書館營運管理要點」檢視臺灣地區公共圖書館館藏的圖書數量、圖書成長率與圖書經費、最後歸納問題提出未來發展的建議。

　　　　　This article mainly discusses collection development of public libraries in Taiwan. Firstly, it explores the missions and functions of modern public libraries as the 21st Century is approaching. Then, it studies definitions and theories of collection development in public libraries. Based on some facts and statistics, it makes detailed description of collection of public libraries in Taiwan. In addition, it also reviews recent collection development programs and activities of public libraries in Taiwan. Finally, it makes some suggestions for future collection development of public libraries in Taiwan.