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題名：概念、範疇與遵循規則
書刊名：東吳哲學學報
作者：洪成完
作者(外文)：Hung, C. U.
出版日期：2000
卷期：5
頁次：頁85-141
主題關鍵詞：概念；範疇；Concept；Category
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(1) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:3
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  • 點閱點閱:48
　　　　　本文由認知心理學、邏輯學、語意分析三層次論究西方哲學中「概念、範疇」之理論背後的一種思想（概念之「古典」觀點），並簡要論述「規則」概念之特點。這些都是被（國內）邏輯－哲學－心理學之教學與課程內所忽略的， 我們區別邏輯概念（Logical Concepts）與心理概念（Psychological Concepts），糾正心理學教本╱課程內時常出現的混淆。作者主張「概念、範疇」之古典觀點（Aristotle-Porphyry傳統下的觀點）最適用於重視形式表現的理論科學（如邏輯、數學、理論物理學）的概念之表現。本文並探討L. Wittgenstein 所提出的「族相似性」（Family Resemblance'）概念，並進而論究他的「遵循規則」概念之背後的思想。雖然作者可接受他的「族相似性」觀點，但對其論證持懷疑態度。但以基型觀點（prototype view）為「遊戲」（'Game'）概念確立基本屬性； 作者贊同他強調公共實踐（實務）（publicpractice），公共意義（public meaning）在「遵循規則」行事事項的重要觀點，並再予簡要論述。
　　　　　This essay presents (via the three levels of cognitive psychology, logic and semantic analysis) an overview of the background thought in the Western theory of 'Concept and Category' and the important features of the concept of Rule, both are unfortunately neglected in the contemporary university (undergraduate and graduate) courses in Logic-Philosophy-Psychology in Taiwan. We distinguish logical concepts and psychological concepts that are confused frequently in some (Chinese) textbooks/courses in psychology. The author hold that the classical view of concept is at best adequately applied to the domains of theoretical sciences (e.g. Logic. Mathematics, and Theoretical Physics, etc.,) emphasizing the importance of the formal representations of those concepts used in these domains. Wittgensteinian concept of 'family resemblance' though acceptable in everyday life, some prototypes of these concepts (e.g. Game) can be defined. The background thought of 'the Rule-Following' are inquired in this essay. Comments and Remarks are given.
期刊論文
1.Schwarz, P.(1979)。Natural kind terms。Cognition，7，301-315。  new window
2.Fodor, Jerry A.、Garrret, M. F.、Walker, E. C. T.、Parkes, C. M.(1980)。Against definition。Cognition，8，263-367。  new window
3.Singer, J. L.、Kolligian, J.(1987)。Developments in the study of private experience。Annual Review of Psychology，38，533-574。  new window
圖書
1.Ross, A.(1968)。Directives and Norms。London：Humanities Press。  new window
2.Lewis, D.(1969)。Convention: A Philosophical Study。Cambridge, MA：Harvard University Press。  new window
3.Weitz, Morris(1988)。Theories of concepts: A history of the major philosophy tradition。Theories of concepts: A history of the major philosophy tradition。London。  new window
4.Wittgenstein, Ludwig Josef Johann(1978)。Remarks on the foundations of mathematics, RMF。Oxford。  new window
5.Aristotle(1933)。Metaphysics。London。  new window
6.Smith, Edward E.、Medin, Douglas L.(1981)。Categories and Concepts。Categories and Concepts。Cambridge, MA.。  new window
7.von Wright, G. H.(1963)。Norm and Action: A Logical Enquiry。New York：Humanities Press。  new window
8.Wittgenstein, L.、Anscombe, G. E. M.(1953)。Philosophical Investigations。Oxford, England：New York：Blackwell Publishers：Macmillan。  new window
9.Davidson, Donald(1984)。Inquiries into truth and interpretation。Oxford：Oxford University Press。  new window
10.Latta, R.、McBeath, A.(1956)。The elements of logic。The elements of logic。London。  new window
11.Bocherski, I. M.(1970)。A history of formal logic。A history of formal logic。New York。  new window
12.Frege, G.(1952)。Grundgesetze der Arithmetik。Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege。Oxford。  new window
13.Russell, Bertrand Arthur William(1903)。The princeples of mathematics。The princeples of mathematics。London。  new window
14.Labov, William(1973)。The boundaries of word and their meaning。New way of analyzing variation in English。Washington, D.C.。  new window
15.Weinreich, Uriel(1966)。On the semantic structure of language。Universals of Language。Cambridge, MA。  new window
16.Bartsch, Renate(1987)。Norms of language: theoretical and practical aspects。Norms of language: theoretical and practical aspects。London。  new window
17.Shwayder, David S.(1965)。The stratification of behavior: a system of definitions propounded and defended。London。  new window
18.Hintikka, J.、Kulas, J.(1983)。The game of language: studies in game-theoretical semantics and its applications。The game of language: studies in game-theoretical semantics and its applications。Dordrech(the Netherlands)。  new window
19.Sellars, Wilfrid(1974)。Language as thought and as communication。Essays in philosophy and its history。Dordrecht(the Netherlands)。  new window
20.Frege, G.(1980)。Die Grundlagen der Arithmatik。The foundation of arithmetic。Evanston。  new window
21.Frege, G.(1952)。On sense and reference。Translations from the philosophical writings of Gottlob Frege。Oxford。  new window
圖書論文
1.Quine, Willard Van Orman(1976)。The Ways of Paradox and Other Essays。The Ways of Paradox and Other Essays。Cambridge, Mass.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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