This paper, based on data obtained by fieldwork and literature review, investigates the characters and the consequence of Peninsular Malaysia fishery development. By choosing a Chinese fishing community, kukup, as case study for in-depth interview, the research will understand how the villagers to adjust their means of livelihood to keep step with the social-economic environmental change. Along the Malaysia coastline, there is a rich belt of mangrove forest for fish spawning and breeding. As a result, the inshore waters have abundant stocks of fish. In the early days, the Malaysian fishermen often used small fishing gears such as palisade traps and driftnets for fishing. However, the landings were quite limited. In the mid-1960s, Chinese fishermen started introducing trawler fishing from Thailand. From then on, the landings were increasing. But, half of the trawl catches were trash fish. Under the circumstance, over-fishing has caused depletion of fish resources. Malaysia is a multi-ethnic society, and Chinese have played an important role in marine fishing and aquaculture developments. These Chinese fishing communities mainly reside on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Kukup is a village locates in the south of Strait of Malacca, since the useful fishing grounds are very narrow and contracted the developments of capture fisheries. After the mid-1980s, fishermen started to import fish fry from Taiwan and Thailand, and cheap labor from Indonesia. Together with the domestic inexpensive trash fish as feed for fish to develop marine net-cage aquaculture by combining many country resources. These cultured fish are not only supplying to the nearby Singapore market, but also utilizing the fish farm to develop tourism industry. As the above description, the fishery development in Kukup is really benefited from locating near Singapore, an international city.