本文主要目的在探討運動訓練對骨骼肌主要抗氧化�t及麩胱甘��(glutathione, GSH)的影響。主要的抗氧化�t包括過氧化物歧化�t(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、麩胱甘�騛L氧化�t(Glutathione peroxidase, GPx)及過氧化氫�t(catalase, CAT)。愈來愈多的文獻顯示耐力運動訓練會增加骨骼肌SOD和GPx的活性，其中以高強度的運動訓練優於低中強度的運動訓練，且耐力訓練引起抗氧化�t的增加局限於高氧化能力的肌肉部位(例如Type I和Type Ⅱa)；相反地，耐力運動雖增加SOD和GPx的活性，卻沒有增加CAT的活性。GSH在單次運動或長期運動對於維持細胞的氧化還原狀態及抗氧化�t的功能，也扮演一個重要的角色，規律的耐力運動能增加GSH的濃度，至於增加的機轉為何﹖目前尚不清楚，亦是未來值得研究的領域。骨骼肌如果增加這些抗氧化物的濃度，可以減少細胞的傷害，延緩肌肉疲勞而改善運動表現，這樣的推論似乎應算合理。

　　　　　The effects of endurance training exercise on the up-regulation of both antioxidant enzymes and the glutathione (GSH) antioxidant defense system. Primary antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) will be discussed as well as glutathione, which is an important nonenzymatic antioxidant. Growing evidence indicates that endurance exercise training promotes an increase in both total SOD and GPx activities in skeletal muscles. In this regard, it appears that high-intensity exercise training is generally superior to low-intensity exercise in the up-regulation of muscle SOD and GPx activities. Also, the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes induced by endurance training is limited to highly oxidative skeletal muscles. In contrast to the observation that endurance exercise increases SOD and GPx activities, training does not result in an increase in muscle CAT activity. GSH plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of intracellular redox status and antioxidant enzyme function during acute and chronic exercise. Regular endurance training improves the GSH antioxidant reserve in active skeletal muscles by increasing GSH levels. The mechanism responsible for this increase is unknown and remains an active area of research. It seems plausible that increased cellular concentrations of these antioxidants will reduce the risk of cellular injury, improve performance, and delay muscle fatigue.