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題名:
模糊口語評估尺度之歸屬函數建構及特性探討
書刊名:
資訊管理學報
作者:
林信惠
/
蕭文峰
作者(外文):
Lin, Hsin-hui
/
Shaw, Wen-fung
出版日期:
2001
卷期:
8:1
頁次:
頁1-19
主題關鍵詞:
模糊口語評估
;
歸屬函數建構
;
實驗法
;
模擬
;
心理屬性
;
Fuzzy verbal evaluations
;
Membership function construction
;
Experiment
;
Simulation
;
Psychological attribute
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相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
1
) 博士論文(
1
) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
1
共同引用:0
點閱:32
Thurstone主張個體的意見可由三個不同指標描述:意見的全距 (range)、均值(mean)、代表點 (representiveness)。由於傳統數學並沒有適當的方法用以處理區間 (interval) 與非對稱性的運算,因此雖然這些觀點早已被提出,但後續方法卻沒能成功地擷取這些複雜性。模糊理論的出現提供意見表達與運算的新契機。然而,以往歸屬函數的建構方法採用點估計的方式來獲取,其限制在於只能獲取「感覺屬性」型態的歸屬函數。本研究提議以區間方式來獲取「心理屬性」型態的歸屬函數。所提方法可同時建構五等級口語評估值之歸屬函數。由Cronbach (計算得知本方法達相當高的信度 (0.88)。 由觀察所建構的歸屬函數顯示:人類的偏好當轉成模糊評估尺度時,與等權重、等間隔的數值評估 (即等距尺度) 或對稱的簡化型歸屬函數是不一致的。另外,歸屬函數之分佈圖形亦顯示模糊理論中的「正規化」及「修飾詞」運算是不恰當的。最後,由比較實證型與簡化型的歸屬函數在綜合模糊口語評估詞上的差異發現:實證型歸屬函數在以模糊數 (fuzzy number) 進行運算時與簡化型歸屬函數有顯著的差異。這些結果可供社會科學研究者引入模糊集合理論的參考。
以文找文
Thurstone argues that an individual’s opinion could be characterized in terms of three different indexes: the range of the opinion, the mean of the opinion, and the best representative point of the opinion. Duet hat traditional mathematics was not well developed for dealing with ranges and asymmetries, though these insights were identified early in the development of attitude measurement, the subsequent methods failed to capture this complexity. The inception of fuzzy sets theory brings new methods for representing and manipulating opinions. However, the traditional ppoint estimation methods for constructing membership functions are subject to modality attributes. This study proposes an interval estimation method to construct the membership functions for mental attributes. The proposed method can simultaneously construct five categories of verbal evaluation terms. The Cronbach α, 0.88, shows that the method is quite reliable. By observing the constructed membership functions, we learn that the human preference is not consistent with equal-weighted, equal-spaced numerical evaluations. Nor is it consistent with simplified, symmetric triangular or trapezoidal membership functions. Furthermore, the essential questions about the operations regarding to "normalization" and "modifier" are also discussed. We conduct a computer simulation to understand the difference between the constructed membership functions and the simplified membership functions. The results show that empirical membership functions and simplified membership functions have significant differences, especially when they are manipulated by fuzzy number operators. These results may benefit social scientist in applying fuzzy sets theory.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Zadeh, L. A.(1996)。Fuzzy Logic=Computing with Words。IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems,4(2),103-111。
2.
Hershey, J. C., Kunreuther, H. C.,、Schoemaker, P. J. H.(1982)。Sources of Bias in Assessment Procedures for Utility Functions。Management Science,28(8),936-954。
3.
Kahneman, D.、Tversky, A.(1972)。Subjective Probability: A Judgment of Representativeness。Cognitive Psychology,3(3),430-454。
4.
Rosch, Eleanor H.(1973)。Natural categories。Cognitive Psychology,4(3),328-350。
5.
Yager, Ronald R.(1988)。On ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators in multicriteria decisionmaking。IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics,18(1),183-190。
6.
Chen, S. H.(1985)。Ranking fuzzy numbers with maximizing and minimizing set。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,17(2),113-129。
7.
Hersh, H. M.、Caramazza, A. A.(1976)。A fuzzy set approach to modifiers and vagueness in natural language。Journal of Experimental Psychology: General,105(3),254-276。
8.
Wang, S.(1994)。Generating fuzzy membership functions: a monotonic neural network model。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,61(1),71-81。
9.
Turksen, I. B.(1991)。Measurement of Membership Functions and Their Acquisition。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,40(1),5-38。
10.
Einhorn, H. J.、Hogarth, R. M.(1981)。Behavioral Decision Theory: Processes of Judgement and Choice。Annual Review of Psychology,32,53-88。
11.
Zadeh, L. A.(1972)。A Fuzzy-Set-Theoretical Interpretation of Linguistic Hedges。Journal of Cybernetics,2(3),4-34。
12.
Dyckhoff, H.、Pedrycz, W.(1984)。Generalized means as a model of compensative connectives。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,14,143-154。
13.
Hong, T. P.、Lee, C. Y.(1996)。Induction of Fuzzy Rules and Membership Functions from Training Examples。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,84,33-47。
14.
Schoemaker, P. J. H.(1982)。The Expected Utility Model: Its Variants, Purposes, Evidence, and Limitations。Journal of Economic Literature,20,529-563。
15.
Thole, U.、Zimmermann, H. J.、Zysno, P.(1979)。On the Suitability of Minimum and Product Operators for the Intersection of Fuzzy Sets。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,2(2),167-180。
16.
Zimmermann, H.-J.、Zysno, P.(1980)。Latent connectives in human decision making。Fuzzy Sets and Systems,4,37-51。
會議論文
1.
蕭文峰、溫宏洋、林信惠(1997)。模糊歸屬函數建構之實證性研究。第八屆國際資訊管理學術研討會,(會議日期: 1997/05/30-05/31)。臺北市:國立政治大學。601-608。
延伸查詢
2.
林信惠、蕭文峰(1998)。Ranking inconsistency among fuzzy, numeric, and cognitive aggregations。IEEE Fuzzy Conference。Anchorage, Alaska。
圖書
1.
Agresti, A.、Finlay, B.(1997)。Statistical Methods for the Social Sciences。Upper Saddle River, New Jersey:Prentice-Hall。
2.
Yen, J.、Langari, R.(1999)。Fuzzy Logic: Intelligence, Control, and Information。Prentice-Hall, Inc。
3.
Tacq, J.(1997)。Multivariate analysis techniques in social science research: From problem to analysis。London:Thousand Oaks, CA:SAGE Publications Ltd.。
4.
Chen, S. J. J.、Hwang, C. L.(1992)。Fuzzy multiple attribute decision making: Methods and applications。Springer-Verlag。
5.
Carmines, E. G.、Zeller, R. A.(1979)。Reliability and Validity Assessment。Sage Publications。
6.
Rosch, E.(1973)。On the internal structure of perceptual and semental categories。Cognitive Development and the Acquisition of Language。NY。
7.
Kunreuther, H. C.、Kleindorfer, P. R.、Schoemaker, P. J. H.(1993)。Decision Sciences - An integrative perspective。Decision Sciences - An integrative perspective。沒有紀錄。
8.
Chaudhuri, B. B.、Majumder, D. D.(1982)。On membership evaluation in fuzzy sets。Approximate Reasoning in Decision Analysis。沒有紀錄。
9.
Judd, C. M.、McClelland, G. H.(1989)。Data Analysis? A Model-Comparison Approach。Data Analysis? A Model-Comparison Approach。San Diego。
10.
Sherif, M.、Sherif, C. W.(1970)。Attitudes as the individual's own categories: the social judgment-involvement approach to attitude and attitude change。Attitude Measurement。Chicago, IL。
11.
Smithson, M.(1987)。Fuzzy Set Analysis for Behavior and Social Sciences。Fuzzy Set Analysis for Behavior and Social Sciences。沒有紀錄。
圖書論文
1.
Turksen, I. B.(1988)。Stochastic fuzzy sets: a survey。Combining Fuzzy Imprecision with Probabilistic Uncertainty in Decision Making。New York:Springer-Verlag。
2.
Hesketh, B.、Pryor, R.、Gleitzman, M.、Hesketh, T.(1988)。Practical Applications and Psychometric Evaluation of a Computerized Fuzzy Graphic Ration Scale。Fuzzy Sets in Psychology。New York, NY:North-Holland Publishing Company。
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