目的：探討精神分裂症患者之犯罪行為。方法：以台北市某公立精神科專科教學醫院自1981年至2000年所有刑事鑑定個案中，符合DSM-IV精神分裂症診斷準則者209名為對象，探討急性期、性別、犯行之種類與被害人間之關係。結果：男性精神分裂症患者較女性發病年齡較早之外，該次鑑定之犯行年齡亦早於女性。急性期之精神分裂症患者較非急性期患者呈現較高機會之殺人或傷害等人身犯罪行為與強盜之財產犯罪行為。人身犯罪行為之對象大多數為家庭成員或是近親。非急性期之精神分裂症患者則傾向發生偷竊行為。結論：司法精神鑑定樣本中，精神分裂症患者於急性期時對近親產生人身威脅之機會較高。適當的精神醫療介入對於降低犯罪行為與家庭成員的壓力極為重要。

　　　　　Objective: This study investigated the relationship between schizophrenia and type of criminal offense for offenders referred for forensic psychiatric evaluation in Taiwan. Methods: The authors reviewed the legal and medical records for 209 criminal offenders who had undergone forensic psychiatric evaluation at the Taipei City Psychiatric Center from 1981 to 2000. All of the offenders met the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia. Relationships between types of offenses, gender, illness stage, and relationship to the victim at the time of the offense were investigated. Results: It was demonstrated that male schizophrenia was associated with earlier illness onset and tendency to commit offenses at a younger age than the female variant. Acute-stage schizophrenics tended to commit offenses against others, such as homicide and assault, and against property, such as robbery. The victims consisted mostly of family members or close relatives. Non-acute stage schizophrenics tended to commit property offenses, such as larceny. Conclusion: In this forensic-referral sample, acute-stage schizophrenics tended to commit offenses that threatened family members. Appropriate psychiatric intervention is critical in these cases to attempt to reduce the severity of the offenses and reduce the associated stress levels of the family members.