歌劇〈Opera〉，是融合了文學、戲劇、音樂、舞蹈、服務、舞臺佈景、造型、燈光等的一門精緻綜合藝術。從義大利的佛倫斯同好會〈Camerata Fiorentina〉試將音樂與戲劇結合，到李奴基尼〈Ottavio Rinuccini，1562-1633〉改編自神話，由佩里〈Jacopo Peri，1561-1633〉作曲的第一部歌劇「達芬尼」〈Dafne〉的誕生，揭開了歌劇歷史的序幕。歌劇自此不斷的發展與改革，在西方音樂史上寫下燦爛的一頁。 韋伯〈Carl Maria von Weber，1786-1826〉的歌劇《魔彈射手》〈Der Freischűtz〉為浪漫歌劇的發展，奠定重要的基石。民族性的題材、民間舞蹈、音樂的使用，尤其是「引導動機」〈Lietmotiv〉設計及浪漫配器手法等的運用，八突破以往歌劇的格局，並深深影響爾後歌劇的發展。 本論文以《魔彈推手》為研究主體。首先介紹韋伯的生平及《魔彈射手》的創作過程與戲劇理念；其次是場幕劇情與音樂的介紹。而音樂創作特色的分析，則就下列項目，逐一探討。 一、民間音樂的使用；二、引導動機的設計；三、戲劇性的序曲；四、德國歌唱劇的特色；五、調性的色彩變化；六、鮮明的場面氣氛；七、寫實的音型表現；八、浪漫的配器手法；九、對比性的安排；十、高潮的營造。 論文的最後，則以《魔彈射手》對於德國民族及劇歷史的地位與影響，做一論述。

Opera is a delicate art, a combination of literature, drama, music, dance, custom, stage design, style, and lighting. The origin of opoera can be traced back to the effort by Italian Camerata Fiorentina to combine music and drama, while Ottavio Rinuccini’s Birth of Deafen, which is based on mythology and with music composed by Jacopo Peri, is believed to the first opera in history. Form then on, the opera continued to develop and evolve to become a most magnificent achievement in the Western musical history. Weber’s opera, “Der Freischűtz,” lay an important foundation for the development of the romantic opera. Its usage of nationalist materials, folk dance, music, especially the design of Lietmotiv and romantic orchestration, was not only a major break through in opera style but also a most influential force in later development of the opera art. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and analyze Weber’s opera “Der Freischűtz.” The first part of the paper consists of an introduction to Weber’s life, the creative process, and the dramatic ideas in his opera. The second part analyzes the dramatic acts and the usage of music in the opera. The characteristics of the opera’s musical creation are discussed in the following order: 1.the usage of folk music 2.the design of Letmotiv 3.the overture of drama 4.the characteristics of singspiel 5.teh colorful change of tonality 6.the atmosphere of vivid acts 7.the usage of realistic music 8.the con romantic orchestration 9.the contrasting arrangement 10.the arrangement of climax The last part of this paper discusses the status and influence of Weber’s “Der Freischűtz” on the people of Germany and the history of opera.