供應鏈管理近年來在業界引起非常勢門的一個話題，有許多人相繼投入研究，並有大量企業的資金投入在此領域之中。供應鏈是指一個具有上、中、下游廠商所組合而成的一種服務體系；上、中、下游的廠商彼此策略聯盟，以共同的立場作考量，追求整個供應鏈系統的最佳化，獲取長期的利益。本研究正是整合了上中下游三階層的廠商，並採用風險集中（risk pooling）的概念，在一個區域物流的架構下，嘗試提出一個多供應商、單一倉庫、多零商的多階層存貨模式，並藉由最佳存貨週期以及訂購批量來達到聯合總成本的最小化的目的。本文利用數學之方式推導並輔以數學軟體配合程式的撰寫，以求得系統的最佳存貨訂購及運送策略。最後再以數值範例加以說明，並透過敏感度分析以了解各參數對存貨模式結果之影響。

　　　　　In recent years, there has been a growing interest in supply chain management (SCM). Quite a lot of researchers have gone into this field of study, and many companies also invest large capital in this field. In general, SCM means a system that integrates the upper-level, the middle-level, and the lower-level of the enterprise. They cooperate in their partnership forming a strategic alliance to achieve long-term benefits and global optimality of the supply chain taking the concept of risk pooling into consideration. Our study proposes an multi-echelon inventory model for multi-suppliers, one distributer, and multi-retaliers, and integrates the upper-level, the middle-level, and the lower-level of the partnership to develop an optimal joint cost from the perspectives of the suppliers, the distributer, and the retailers. A computer code is developed to derive the optimal solution. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are given to validate the results of the system.