本文的主要目的，在於探討維根斯坦於「評黃金樹枝」一文中，根據什麼理由，堅決地反對透過建構科學理論和解釋去理解宗教活動。本文將論證，維根斯坦在「評黃金樹枝」一文中拒斥對宗教的科學解釋的方法，是提供一個判準以資區分宗教活動及非宗教活動，而且給我們理由去相信，宗教性質不僅不是科學方法所能解釋的，而且科學方法所能解釋的，都不是宗教性質。藉由這個方法，他呈現，對宗教活動的科學解釋不僅是不必要的，它還是概念土地不恰當的。更具體而言，維根斯坦的論證，一個宗教活動之所以是宗教活動，是因為它是導生於活動者某種「統觀」，而任一統觀可以被許多具有不同物理性質或歷史的活動所實現， 而任何活動可以也可以不具有宗教意函，具不具有端視其是否導生於活動者的某統觀，因此對活動本身的物理性質(因果性質)或歷史性質的研究，原則上掌握不到宗教性質，並且，當你從物理或歷史的角度去研究某活動時，你所研究的便不是宗教活動。

　　　　　The purpose of this paper is to explore how Wittgenstein, in his "Bemerkungen fiber Frazer's Golden Bough", argues against the legitimacy of scientific and historical explanation on religious activity. It is pointed out that Wittgenstein first introduces a criterion of distinguishing religious activities from non-religious ones, then argues both that religious activities are not subject to scientific and historical explanation, and that whatever subjects to scientific and historical explanation cannot be a religious activity. As a result, for Wittgenstein, the notion of a scientific or historical explanation on religion is conceptually inconsistent. More specifically, Wittgenstein's argument goes like this: An activity is a religious activity because it is generated from a synoptic representation of its performer. The synoptic representation is both the cause and the constitutional principle of the religious activity, and it is also what makes the activity to be with any religious significance for its performer. However, the synoptic representation can be realized in various activities with very different physical properties or histories; moreover, an activity with specific physical properties or history can be with or without religious significance -- whether or not it has any religious significance depends on whether or not it is generated from a synoptic representation. Synoptic representation cannot be found in the eyes of the person who carries out scientific or historical study. Therefore, it is not only that a scientific or historical study is not a suitable way of studying religious activity, but also that the subject matter of such study cannot be religious.