This paper is based on Xu Yu's important literary criticism "Between the Literature and Art Thought and the Literature and Art Policy" (Hong Kong: 1964). In this book, Xu Yu criticized the way the Communism controlled literators and literature. First, he showed the feudal thought in both Mao Tse-tung's traditional poem "Qin Yuan Chun", and Mao's talk at the literary and art symposium in Yan-an. Then he built up his literary theory of the New-personalism, step by step. Xu Yu though the base of his New-personalism is humanity and love what is literature and art could move people. So he emphasized literators must have independent individual, understand the honor and responsibility of themselves, and refused to be used by the politicians. Xu Yu's anti-communism literary opinions influenced overseas Chinese literators deeply then.