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題名:清高宗盤山千尺雪茶舍初探
書刊名:輔仁歷史學報
作者:廖寶秀
作者(外文):Liao, Pao-show
出版日期:2003
卷期:14
頁次:頁53-55+57-119
主題關鍵詞:千尺雪茶舍乾隆皇帝靜寄山莊唐寅品茶圖竹罏Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsuehTea houseEmperor Ch'ien-lungChing-chi retreatT'ang YinP'in-ch'a-t'uBamboo tea stove
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「千尺雪」原是蘇州寒山別墅的一景,乾隆皇帝於辛未年(十六•1751)第一次南巡以後,即愛上此一勝景,北返後即於京城西苑、熱河避暑山莊、盤山靜寄山莊等三處建構「千尺雪」景觀及建築,並特將其闢為品茗茶舍。除御筆繪製〈盤山千尺雪圖〉外,並責成董邦達、錢維城、張宗蒼各繪〈西苑千尺雪圖〉、〈熱河千尺雪圖〉、〈寒山千尺雪圖〉,每圖各繪四卷,四圖合置一匣,分置於各地千尺雪茶舍,因此每至一處千尺雪即可展閱其他三地的千尺雪景觀,而且於各地〈千尺雪圖〉上題詠各地〈千尺雪〉詩。乾隆皇帝在盤山「千尺雪」等茶舍內擺飾陸羽造像、陸羽《茶經》、竹茶爐,以及懸掛唐實〈品茶圖〉、各地〈千尺雪圖〉,這些都是乾隆的精心經營。「千尺雪」茶舍是一處專供乾隆皇帝個人賞景、讀書、看畫、品茗的抒懷場所,而各地〈千尺雪圖〉或〈品茶圖〉上的題詩,則在在顯示乾隆於書畫,器物間如何自誇精於茶道和追摹古人;並經吸收、吐納傳統文化,終成一種屬於自己風格的品茗文化。
Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh was among the most beautiful spots in the scenic Ha-shan Resort of Soochow, a site that Emperor Ch'ien-lung became infatuated with during his first southern excursion of 1751. The emperor was so fond of the site flat he, shortly after his return the north, commissioned the building in His-yuan in the Capital, in the Summer Retreat of Jehol, and in the Ching-chi Retreat in P'an-shan, of facilities that would portray the natural beauty of Ch'ien-ch'ih hsueh of Han-shan. These constructions were soon designated by the emperor as places where he would cast aside state affairs to enjoy the art of tea. Apart from giving a rendition of his personal impression of the Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh Tea House in a painting known as P'an-shan Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh, the emperor also brought in such renowned artists as Tung Pang-ta, Ch'ien Wei-ch'eng, and Chang Tsung-ts'ang, to deliver theirs in Hsi-yuan Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh, Jehol Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh, and Han-shim Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh, respectively. Four copies of each of the four paintings were made at his command, and each Tea House was to house copies of the four Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh paintings, collated in a purpose-made box. With this arrangement, the emperor, when visiting any one of the Tea Houses, was able to appreciate the scenic depictions of the others. He even went on to inscribe poetic interpretations of Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh on all of the paintings. In the Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh Tea House of P'an-shan the emperor had ordered the installation of a statue of Lu Yu, The book Classsic of Tea (Ch'a Ching) by Lu, a bamboo tea stove, the painting P'in-ch'a-t'u (or, Brewing Tea) by T'ang Yin, and the four renditions of the Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh painting, all deliberately placed to make the setting as elegant as can be. The Ch'ien-ch'ih-hsueh Tea House was designed from the ground up as a venue where Emperor Ch'ien-lung would spend his spare time admiring the beautiful sights of nature, engaging in reading, appreciating paintings, and enjoying the art of tea, a site where he would let his literary, artistic mind run free. The poetic inscriptions on the paintings, on the other hand, may very well be taken as a rather self-esteemed statement of his mastery of the art of tea and his success in imitating the ancients, a proclamation that he had assimilated traditions to the fullest extent and that he had come up with a tea culture of his very own.
期刊論文
1.廖寶秀(20030700)。乾隆皇帝與焙茶塢。故宮文物月刊,21(4)=244,46-57。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.嵇若昕(19880600)。明代雕刻家「嘉定三朱」〔朱鶴、朱纓、朱稚征〕。故宮學術季刊,5(4),1-56。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.廖寶秀(20011200)。乾隆皇帝與試泉悅性山房。故宮文物月刊,19(9)=225,34-45。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.賴功歐(2001)。論乾隆茶詩的儒、釋、道理趣與藝術格調。農業考古,2001(2),200-208。  延伸查詢new window
5.黃崇文(1993)。弘曆的文化思想初探─乾隆時期承德文化事業的發展。明清史,1993(3),50-56。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.北京故宮博物院(1985)。故宮博物院藏雕漆。北京。  延伸查詢new window
2.郭俊綸(1993)。清代園林圖錄。上海:人民美術出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.陳彬藩(199908)。中國茶文化經典。北京:光明日報社。  延伸查詢new window
4.國立故宮博物院(1981)。吳派畫九十年展。臺北:國里故宮博物院。  延伸查詢new window
5.和珅(1966)。欽定熱河志。臺北:文海出版社。  延伸查詢new window
6.李淑美(1987)。中華五千年文物集刊:明畫篇(一)。中華五千年文物集刊:明畫篇(一)。  延伸查詢new window
7.俞建華(200-06)。中國繪畫全集(四)。中國繪畫全集(四)。杭州。  延伸查詢new window
8.(1922)。清代帝后像。清代帝后像。北平。  延伸查詢new window
9.布目潮渢(1987)。中國茶書全集(上卷)。中國茶書全集(上卷)。東京。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.養心殿造辦處各作成做活計清檔,北京。  延伸查詢new window
2.清高宗御製詩文全集。  延伸查詢new window
3.(1971)。全唐詩。  延伸查詢new window
4.(清)于敏中(1975)。日下舊聞考,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
5.蔣溥(1991)。薊縣志。  延伸查詢new window
6.(明)沈德符(1975)。萬曆野獲編補遺,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
7.秘殿珠林.石渠寶笈續編,臺北。  延伸查詢new window
8.(清)鄒炳泰(1962)。玉石古器譜錄。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.廖寶秀(2002)。歷代茶器述要。也可以清心--茶器、茶事、茶畫。臺北:國立故宮博物院。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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