在一般人的印象當中，普遍認為中國視覺藝往表現出一種「散點透視」或「運動透視」，這種透視觀點與西方視覺藝術所表現出的「焦點透視」或「消逝點透視」迥異其趣。本文作者認為這種視覺表現不僅是創作技法上的問題，也更深刻地根源於中西藝術所屬的文化層面的影響，這種影響筆者認為出自中西哲學的「宇宙觀」（Weltanschauung），因此宇宙觀的比較成為本文討論的出發點。本文企圖透過宇宙觀的比較，來探索影響中西視覺藝術的觀點，藉此說明宇宙觀是影響透視法的理論基礎，而實際上透視法的操作則是此一理論的具體應用。

　　　　　It is assumed that the cavalier perspective expressed in Chinese visual arts contrasts with the linear perspective of Western visual arts. The writer believes that such a visual expression is not merely a question if creative skills but also a consequence of Chinese and Western arts at the cultural level, which is what the writer calls "Weltanschauung." Therefore this paper begins with the comparisons of Weltanschauungs, through which we try to explore the views that have made effects on Chinese and Western visual arts and demonstrate how Weltanschauung is the theoretical foundation of the perspective and the operation of the latter is the application of the former.