目標：高脂血症營養知識可能與高脂血症危險性有關，本研究之目的係以橫斷式族群探討營養知識及血脂質之間的關係。方法：以自1998年四月到九月共1787位至臺大醫院接受健康檢查的民眾，並完成高脂血問卷為研究對象。營養知識問卷共15題，經因素分析定義出四組因子。第一組為高膽固醇或高飽和脂肪食物；第二組為高油脂或低飽和脂肪食物；第三組為高纖維食物；第四組為高能量或高碳水化合物食物。結果：女性教育程度較低，但比男性有較高的營養知識分數。教育程度與營養知識分數呈正相關性，但在高能量營養知識則例外，即教育程度並未能提高對高能量食物之認知。收入狀況與高膽固醇、高脂食物知識呈正相關性。血三酸甘油酯值與高能量食物營養知識分數呈正相關性；身體質量指數亦與高能量食物營養知識分數呈正相關性。經年齡、性別及身體質量指數、社經地位調整之後，所有血脂質與營養知識分數並無相關性。結論：高脂血症相關營養知識分數與血脂質並不一致，此可作為高脂血症飲食阻介計畫之參考。

　　　　　Objectives: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association between nutrition knowledge and hyperlipidemia, Methods: A total of 1787 Taiwanese adults completed hyperlipidemic knowledge questionnaires during their health check-ups in a tertiary hospital from April 1998 to September 1998. Knowledge-based 4 sets were defined and the exploratory factor analysis results were used to confirm the grouping. Set 1 was defined as high cholesterol or high saturated fat foods; Set 2 as high fat or low saturated fat foods; Set 3 as high fiber foods and Set 4 as high energy or high carbohydrate foods. Results: Women had lower educational levels but better knowledge scores than men. Years of education had a positive correlation with nutrition knowledge scores, except for the set of high energy foods. This implied that even people with high educational levels had incomplete knowledge concerning high energy foods. Income was associated positively with high cholesterol and high fat food knowledge. Total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels were not significantly associated with knowledge of hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, triglyceride levels were positively associated with scores from high energy foods. Body mass index was significantly positively associated with high energy food knowledge scores. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, income and education years, no lipid levels could be predicted by any knowledge scores of hyperlipidemia. Conclusions: The discrepancy between nutritional knowledge of hyperlipidemia and lipid profiles should be taken into consideration when planning for behavior intervention for hyperlipidemia during the health check-ups of the population of Taiwan.