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來源文獻資料
摘要
外文摘要
引文資料
題名:
韓國的政黨與民主鞏固
書刊名:
臺灣民主季刊
作者:
Park,Kie-duck
/
萬象
出版日期:
2005
卷期:
2:1
頁次:
頁23-50
主題關鍵詞:
民主鞏固
;
政黨與選舉體制
;
單一選區
;
全國選區
;
體制永續性
;
Democratic consolidation
;
Party system andelectoral system
;
Single-member districts
;
National district
;
Regime sustainabillity
原始連結:
連回原系統網址
相關次數:
被引用次數:期刊(
4
) 博士論文(
1
) 專書(
1
) 專書論文(0)
排除自我引用:
4
共同引用:0
點閱:65
本文從韓國民主鞏固的過程,由三個層次分析韓國的政黨政治:黨與國家的關係、各政黨之間的關係,以及政黨與社會的互動。就民主鞏固而言,韓國各政黨的關係可以從兩點來探討,第一,政府補助大致公平分配給各主要政黨;其次,政府有時以補助做為收編反對勢力的誘餌。雖然有些人批評國家補助歧視小黨,以及人事任命權的制度設計不當,但補助金及人事任命權並末扭曲韓國的政黨政治結構。韓國的政黨政治目前出現三大改變:議題取向的政治、無歧視的政治,以及多黨政治。由於明星政黨逐漸走向議題取向,使得議題取向的政治變得可行,也促使政黨在各種議題上競爭。以前被排除在外的社會階層,包括勞工族群,現在經由全國選區政黨比例代表的選舉制度,得以參與政治。如果將以前的多黨制度視為較緩和的多黨制度,新的選舉制度則是更異質性的多黨制度。然而政黨政治整體而言仍是支持體制的政黨之間向心的競爭。關於政黨與社會的關係,韓國的政黨已有一部分為市民杜會組織所取代,在政治上的參與不如過去那麼重要,主要原因在於未能成功促進人民參與政治。政黨一方面不得不吸納人民進入其內部程序,另方面又必須釋出一部分功能由市民社會組織接手。雖然韓國的政黨政治仍有許多缺失,但各政黨及政黨政治已經比以前更民主、透明,也更能回應民意。這樣的發展有助於韓國的民主鞏固。
以文找文
This paper analyzes Korea's party politics, in the context of democratic consolidation, on three levels: the relationship between parties and the state, inter-party relationships, and the interlocking of parties and society. In the party-state relationship in the context of democratic consolidation, two points can be stipulated in Korea. First, the government subsidy is relatively fairly distributed to the politically significant parties. Second, it is utilized, at times, as a decoy for incorporating the opposition. Even though criticism is raised with regard to the discrimination of the minor parties in providing state subsidies and the strategically designed utilization of patronage, the subsidies and patronage do not structurally distort Korea's party politics. Three changing factors are reshaping Korea's party politics: issue-oriented politics, inclusive politics and multi-party politics. Issue-oriented politics become feasible as personality political parties have changed to more issue-oriented ones, and this is led to a competition with regard to diverse issues. Previously excluded social sectors, including laborers as a group, are now permitted to participate in politics through the introduction of the proportional party list electoral system for the national district. This electoral system results in a more heterogeneous multiparty system if we characterize the previous multiparty system as a more moderate multiparty system. Nonetheless, party politics as a whole is managed as a centripetal competition among system-supporting parties. In their relationship with society, Korea's political parties have partly been replaced by civil society organizations. They become less important political actors mainly due to failure in facilitating people's participation in politics. They are forced to incorporate the people into their internal process on the one hand, and they concede to share their functions with the civil society organizations on the other. Although party politics is far from ideal, political parties and party politics in Korea are becoming more democratic, responsive and transparent than before. And this is contributing to the consolidation of Korean democracy.
以文找文
期刊論文
1.
Shin, Doh Chull(1994)。On the Third Wave of Democratization: A Synthesis and Evaluation of Recent Theory and Research。World Politics,47(1),135-170。
2.
Chung, Jin Min(1994)。Political Generation and the 1992 Presidential Election in Korea。Korea Political Science Review,28(1),257-274。
3.
Croissant, Aurel(2002)。Majoritarian and Consensus Democracy, Electoral Systems, and Democratic Consolidation in Asia。Asian Perspective,26(2),5-39。
4.
Kim, Euysung(2004)。The Impact of Political Funds on Election Outcomes in Korea: Evidence Based on 16th National Election。Korean Political Science Review,38(2),285-302。
5.
Kwak, Jin-Young(2001)。Political Communication of Korean Parties in Cyberspace: Content Analysis of Party Homepages。Korean Political Science Review,35(2),135-157。
6.
Lee, Yeonho(2001)。A Study of the Relationship between the Kim Dae-Jung Government and NGOs。Korean Political Science Review,35(4),147-164。
7.
Park, Sang-Hoon(2001)。Regionalism and Voting Behavior in Korea in the 16th General Elections。Korean Political Science Review,35(2),113-134。
8.
Pasquino, Gianfranco(2002)。Democratic Consolidation: Between Institutional Engineering and International Support。West European Politics,25(4),229-236。
9.
Yun, Seongyi(2003)。2002 Presidential Election in South Korea and the Effects of the Internet。Korean Political Science Review,3,71-87。
研究報告
1.
Thornton, Laura L.(2004)。Party-on-party Monitoring of Asian Electoral Campaigns: Taiwan, South Korea, Philippines and Indonesia。0。
圖書
1.
Valenzuela, Artuiu(1978)。The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes。Baltimore, MD:The Johns Hopkins University Press。
2.
Sartori, Giovanni(1976)。Parties and Party Systems。Cambridge University Press。
3.
Diamond, Larry Jay(1999)。Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation。The Johns Hopkins University Press。
4.
Dahl, Robert A.(1971)。Polyarchy: Participation & Opposition。New Haven, CT。
5.
Huntington, Samuel P.(1968)。Political Order in Changing Societies。Yale University Press。
6.
Huntington, Samuel Phillips(1991)。The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century。University of Oklahoma Press。
7.
Pravda, Alex(2001)。Introduction。Democratic Consolidation in Eastern Europe, Vol. 2: International and Translational Factors。Oxford, UK。
8.
Cotta, Maurizio、Blondel, Jean(1996)。Party and Government: An Inquiry into the Relationship between Governments and Supporting Parties in Liberal Democracies。Party and Government: An Inquiry into the Relationship between Governments and Supporting Parties in Liberal Democracies。London, UK。
9.
Kwak, Jin-Young(2002)。Open System or Cartelized System: Redefining the Korean Party System after Democratization。Redefining Korean Politics: Lost Paradigm and New Vision。Seoul, South Korea。
10.
Linz, Juan J.、Stepan, Alfred(2001)。Toward Consolidated Democracies。The Global Divergence of Democracies。Baltimore, MD。
11.
O'Donnell, Guillermo(2001)。Illusions about Consolidation。The Global Divergence of Democracies。Baltimore, MD。
12.
Park, Kie-Duck(2000)。Political Impact of the Economic Crisis in Korea。Economic Crisis in Southeast Asia and Korea: Its Economics, Social, Political and Cultural Impacts。Seoul, South Korea。
13.
(1996)。An Analysis of the 15th Congressional Election。An Analysis of the 15th Congressional Election。Sungnam, South Korea。
14.
Shin, Muong Soon(1996)。Election in Korean Politics。Contemporary Korean Politics。Seoul, South Korea。
其他
1.
Park, Kie-Duck(2002)。Economic Crisis and Political Strategy for Meeting the Political Crisis by the Ruling Bloc: A Comparative Study of Korea and Poland in the Context of 'Neo-populism' Theory,0。
2.
Przcworski, Adam(1988)。How Do Transitions to Democracy Get Stuck and Where?,0。
圖書論文
1.
Schedler, Andreas(2001)。What Is Democratic Consolidation?。The Global Divergence of Democracies。Baltimore, MD:Johns Hopkins University Press。
2.
Linz, Juan J.、Lerner, Daniel(1975)。Totalitarian and Authoritarian Regimes。Handbook of Political Science, Vol. 3: Macropolitical Theory。Reading, MA:Addison-Wesley。
3.
Valenzuela, Samuel J.(1992)。Democratic Consolidation in Post-Transitional Settings: Notions, Process, and Facilitating Conditions。Issues in Democratic Consolidation: The New South American Democracies in Comparative Perspective。Notre Dame, IN:University of Notre Dame Press。
4.
Mair, Peter、Katz, Richard S.(1997)。Party Organization, Party Democracy and the Emergence of the Cartel Party。Party System Change: Approaches and Interpretations。New York, NY:Oxford University Press。
5.
Pridham, Geoffrey(1990)。Southern European Democracies on the Road to Consolidation: A Comparative Assessment of the Role of Political Parties。Securing Democracy: Political Parties and DemocraticConsolidation in Southern Europe。London, UK:Routledge。
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