研究目的：分析國內優秀游泳選手身體型態的特徵。研究材料與方法：以台灣地區全國級以上18-24歲選手為受試對象，共計男32名（國際級10名、全國級22名）、女18名（國際級6名、全國級12名），男女平均年齡各為20.5±1.5及19.8±1.4歲。以馬丁尺(Martintype)及皮尺測量選手的長度、寬度和圍度的人體肢段變項。結果：女性除坐高、男性除坐高及小腿長＋足高等變項與常模比較未達顯著差異外，其餘各測量變項皆大於常模(p<.05)。男女性在身體型態指標均大於常模(p<.05)。國際級男性在身高、指極、手足間距、上肢長、大腿長、小腿長＋足高等變項均大於全國級(p<.05)；而女子國手級與國際級選手在各項身體型態指標上均無顯著差異。結論：優秀游泳選手在身體指標上的確與一般人有所不同，可作為教練在游泳運動員選材的重要參考依據之一，在訓練上達到較佳的效果。

Purpose: To detect the association between elite swimmers' performance and anthropometric characteristics in Taiwan. Materials and Methods: Subjects included thirty-two males (10 international swimmers and 22 national swimmers) and eighteen females (6 international swimmers and 12 national swimmers) in 18-24y elite swimmers. The average age of males and females are 20.5±1.5 and 19.8±1.34, respectively. A number of physical measurements were taken included length, width, and circumference. Results: There were no significant differences between elite swimmers and general population in midpoint of kneecap height in males, sitting height in both females and males, but the other variables were significantly higher than models of general population (p<.05). In both males and females, variables of hand size, body index, ratio of acromion to dactylion length and height, span minus height, and vertical reach minus height were significantly higher than common people. Ratio of buttock to knee length and midpoint of kneecap height were significantly higher than common people in males (p<.05). International swimmers were significantly higher than nationals in height, span, vertical reach, acromion to dactylion length, buttock to knee length, and midpoint of kneecap height. Conclusion: Elite swimmers are really different to some extent with general population on the body index, can be in one of the important reference bases that the swimmer selects suitable materials as the coach, reach better result in training.