Chen Zi-Long (1608-1647) and Fang Yi-Zhi (1611-1671), two impressive literary geniuses of the late Ming and the early Qing Dynasty historical era, not only crafted the most excellent literary masterpieces of their time but also each left behind a good name to later generations with their lofty moral principles. In the Fifth Year of the Chongzhen Reign (1632), Chen Zi-Long and Fang Yi-Zhi became acquainted through their discussions of the “Da-Ya” (大雅) theory. Thereafter, however, Fang Yi-Zhi's poetic ideas underwent a massive transformation due to the political turbulence of the times. The course of the association and separation based on their poetics, on the one hand, has unfolded their profound poem study thoughts; on the other hand, it has also reflected their differing personalities, thus quite worth us going into seriously. Employing the concept of “Ya” (雅) as its focal point of the investigation, the present article is comprised of the following four sections: In the first section, the process of their association through Chen Zi-Long and Fang Yi-Zhi's discussion on poetics is described, followed by an analysis of their interpretations of the concept of “Ya” (雅). In the second section, Chen Zi-Long's guidance to Fang Yi-Zhi's poetic thought is investigated to present Chen's lifetime ideal in which the concepts of “poetry” and “politics” are combined into one. The third section focuses on how Fang Yi-Zhi reviewed the earlier poetic ideas that emphasize the elegance and purity during his acquaintanceship with Chen Zi-Long and further proposed new ones. The final section of the article penetrates the separation between the two masters' poetics to shed light on the different choices and decisions made through each of their lifetimes.