The purpose of this study was to investigate anthropometric profiles of elite canoe polo players. Subjects were 9 senior and 7 U21 players representing the Chinese Taipei Team for 2004 World Canoe Polo Championship. Their age, height and weight (senior vs. Under 21) were 23.89±1.83 vs. 20.41±0.69 yrs, 173.74±4.31 vs. 171.04±4.05 cm and 74.28±4.60 vs. 66.09±6.48 kg, respectively. The standard International Society of Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK) procedure was adopted for all testing in this study. All data were analyzed by independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and paired t-test, respectively. The results indicated that canoe polo players were lighter, shorter, smaller but fatter than other Olympic kayakers. However, they were similar in some canoe specific characteristics such as the ratio of forearm/upper arm and sit height/height. Senior players were heavier and had a higher adipose than U21 players but not significantly. Further, after 6-week training, canoe polo players significantly reduced their body fat especially on iliac crest. In the future, there is a need to continuously monitor anthropometric profiles of national team players. The canoe polo specific physiological or performance test can also be developed to provide references for further training and talent identification.