Recently the e-learning classes are applied popularly in the colleges, but there are less positive academic researches on the critical factors affecting the performance of e-learning. From the learning theory perspective, this study try to build a research model to explain what factors affect the performance of e-learning. Research method bases on the questionnaire survey and multi-variance analysis. Samples come from the students of Ming-Chuan University. The positive research result shows that the website content rich, the study participation, the interaction and the information technology environment are significant1y associated with the performance of e-learning. This research makes suggestion to the college e-learning application.