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題名:教導重度障礙者動作技能的有效策略
書刊名:嘉大體育健康休閒
作者:邱進興
出版日期:2007
卷期:6:1
頁次:頁16-25
主題關鍵詞:動作技能智能障礙特殊教育
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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重度智能障礙學生通常有動作緩慢與知動協調能力差的問題,為了提昇教學成效,國內外研究指出下列五種教學策略是適用於教導重度障礙者在學習運動技能上的有效教學方式,包括具體反應法、增加提示等級法、遞減提示等級法、固定時間延宕法以及漸進式時間延宕法等。具體反應法是對一連串的、近似的目標動作技能使用不同的增強作用,用以建立一種新的動作技能;增加提示等級法則是教導期間使用最少到最多提示等級,給學生一個機會,在每一試驗最初時使學生能獨立作出目標刺激;遞減提示等級法為教導期間使用最多到最少提示等級,藉由提供最多的外加提示以促使學生能正確反應,進而使學生能有最大成功率來呈現結果;固定時間延宕法是幫助學生在固定時間的延宕間隔中自我提示出正確的反應;漸進式時間延宕法就是在給予目標刺激物及控制提示的間隔中,逐漸增長時間間隔並漸進的將提示減除。以上五種教學策略應用在教導重度智能障礙學生的動作技能時,如能有效配合增強原理,學生的學習將會有加成的效果。
期刊論文
1.Braam, S. J.、Poling, A.(1983)。Development of intraverbal behavior in mentally retarded individuals thorugh transfer of stimulus control procedure: classification of verbal responses。Applied Research in Mental Retardation,4,279-302。  new window
2.Browder, D. M.、Snell, M. E.、Wildonger, B. A.(1984)。Stimulation and community-based instruction of vending machines with time delay procedure。Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded,23,175-185。  new window
3.Chen, C.、Zhang, J.、Lange, E.、Miko, P.(2001)。Progressive time delay procedure on teaching motor skills to adults with severe mental retardation。Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly,18,35-48。  new window
4.Colozzi, G. A.、Pollow, R. S.(1984)。Teaching independent walking to mentally retarded children in a public school。Education and Training of the Mentally Retarded,19,97-101。  new window
5.Doyle, P. M.、Wolery, M.、Ault, M. J.、Gast, D. L.(1988)。System of least prompts: a literature review of procedural parameters。Journal of the Association for Persons with severe Handicaps,13,28-40。  new window
6.Giangreco, M. E.(1983)。Teaching basic photography skills to a severely handicapped young adult using simulated materials。Journal of the Association for the severely Handicapped,8,43-49。  new window
7.King, D.、Mace, F. C.(1990)。Acquisition and maintenance of exercise skills under normalized conditions by adults with moderate and severe mental retardation。Mental Retardation,25,311-317。  new window
8.Luyben, P. D.、Funk, D. M.、Morgan, J. K.、Clark, K. A.(1986)。Team sports for the severely retarded: training a side-to-side-foot soccer pass using a maximumto-minimum prompt reeducation strategy。Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis,19,431-436。  new window
9.Wolery, M.、Gast, D. L.(1984)。Effectiveness and efficient procedures for the transfer of stimulus control。Topic in Early Childhood Special Education,4,52-77。  new window
10.Zhang, J.(2003)。Effective Instructional Procedures for Teaching Individuals With Severe Disabilities in Motor Skill。Perceptual and Motor Skill,97,547-559。  new window
11.Zhang, J.、Gast, D.、Horvat, M.、Dattilo, J.(1995)。The effectiveness of a constant time delay procedure on teaching lifetime sport skills to adolescents with severe to profound intellectual disabilities。Education and Training in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities,30,51-64。  new window
會議論文
1.Bailey, J. S.(198509)。Please don, t do behavior modification on me: behavior treatment for medical problem: beware of overgeneralizing。Symposium at the meeting of the Florida Association for Behavior Analysis。Tampa。  new window
2.Zhang, J.、Joseph, C.(1995)。Application of the progressive time delay procedure to teach gross motor skills to individuals with severe disabilities。the 1995 National Adapted Physical Activity Conference,85-88。  new window
研究報告
1.Auxter, D.(1985)。Teaching the severely mentally retarded and elderly to stand。  new window
學位論文
1.Ladis, M. M.(1971)。The relationship of improverment in dynamic balance to motivational and nonmotivational balance beam training, intelligence and sex in severely retarded children(碩士論文)。Univer. of Massachusetts,Boston。  new window
圖書
1.陳榮華(1986)。行爲改變技術。臺北:五南圖書出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
2.林千惠、賴美智(1994)。工作分析教學法--在啓智教學上的運用。台北:台北市第一兒童發展文教基金會。  延伸查詢new window
3.Dattilo, J.、Murphy, W.(1987)。Behavior modification in therapeutic recreation。State College, PA:Venture。  new window
4.Wolery, M.、Ault, M. J.、Doyle, P. M.(1992)。Teaching students with moderate to severe disabilities。Mew York:Longman。  new window
圖書論文
1.Bishop, P.、Horvat, M.(1990)。Shaping behaviors in severely handicapped: an effective instructional strategy。Behavior management in adapted physical education。Keamey, NE:Educational System Assoc。  new window
2.洪榮照(2000)。智能障礙者之教育。特殊教育導論。臺北市:心理出版社。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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