The Drum Dance in Taiwan originated from the "dance of big drum and parasol" in Fujian Province, China. When people of Fujian Province immigrated to Taiwan, the tradition of drum dance was brought along with them. This study aims to investigate the development of this folk activity and its current stand in Taiwan. The earliest record of such tradition was found in a column of San-Liu-Jiu News published in Tainan by the famous historian, Lian, Ya-Tang, in 1932. Mr. Lian described the activity as followings: "There is a kind of drum dance called "Tiao-Gu" in the countryside. It is a kind of dancing…." This is how this folk activity received its name, "Tiao-Gu." Its basic form includes four gongs, one drum, and one parasol. The dancer who played the parasol moved back and forth with the tempo of the gongs and the drum. Tiao-Gu, also known as "Da-Gu-Zhen", "Da-Gu-Nong", or "Nong-Gu-Hua," has changed its form and structure as the time passed. During the agricultural era, "Tiao-Gu" was mainly performed by men who gathered to practice during the break of their farming duties. Although professional groups replaced the amateur dancers later, the quick change of the industrial society has brought serious crisis to such tradition. Recently, due to the support of the government and the interest from the academia, Tiao-Gu was introduced to the elementary and middle schools, and gradually became part of the curriculum of folk culture education. However, many school teams are dismissing due to the following reasons: difficulties of recruiting new members, lacking support from the parents, shortage in funds, and insufficient qualified couches. Possible solutions to this problem include: providing funds to schools for establishing teams; organizing in-service training programs for school teachers; organizing contests, presentations, and awards to promote this tradition; searching support from enterprises; producing teaching materials; promoting the activity as part of the community culture; and sponsoring international festivals and visits. The drum dance should, on the one hand, further develop its root in the modern society with its educational value and functions and, on the other hand, be integrated with the leisure life of the people and the community. In this way, it will become a more delicate art form with particular local characteristics in our culture.