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D.(1990)。Spring sapping and valley network development。Groundwater Geomorphology--the Role of Subsurface Water in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms。Boulder：Geological Society of America。 | | 2. | Kochel, R. C.、Baker, V. R.(1990)。Case study: Groundwater sapping and the geomorphologic development of large Hawaiian valleys。Groundwater Geomorphology--the Role of Subsurface Water in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms。Boulder：Geological Society of America。 | | 3. | Spence, C. D.、Sauchyn, D. J.(1999)。Groundwater influence on valley-head geomorphology, upper Battle Creek Basin, Alberta and Saskatchewan。Holocene Climate and Environmental Change in the Palliser Triangle--A Geoscientific Context for Evaluating the Impacts of Climate Change in the Southern Canadian Prairies。Ottawa：Geological Survey of Canada。 | | 4. | Baker, V. R.、Carr, M. H.、Gulick, V. C.、Williams, C. R.、Marley, M. S.(1992)。Channels and valley。Mars。Tucson：Arizona University Press。 | | 5. | Dietrich, W. E.、Dunne, T.(1993)。The channel head。Channel Network Hydrology。Chichester：John Wiley & Sons Inc。 | | 6. | Goudie, A. S.(1994)。Bandlands。The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Physical Geography。Massachusetts：Blackwell Publishers Inc。 | | 7. | Kochel, R. C.、Howard, A. D.、MacLane, I. E. C. F.(1985)。Channel networks developed by groundwater sapping in fine-grained sediments: analogs in some Martian valleys。Models in Geomorphology。Boston：Allen & Unwin。 | | 8. | Higgins, C. G.(1984)。Piping and sapping: development of landforms by groundwater outflow。Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent。Boston：Allen and Unwin。 | | 9. | Howard, A. D.(1988)。Introduction: groundwater sapping on Mars and Earth。Sapping Features of the Colorado Plateau--A Comparative Planetary Geology Field Guide。Washington, D. C.：NASA。 | | 10. | Laity, J. E.(1988)。The role of groundwater sapping in valley evolution on the Colorado Plateau。Sapping Features of the Colorado Plateau--A Comparative Planetary Geology Field Guide。Washington, D. C.：NASA。 | | 11. | Tanaka, Y.、Agata, Y.(1997)。Effects of runoff characteristics on the difference of drainage density in Soya hill, northern Japan。Proceeding of the 30th International Geological Congress (Environmental Geology)。 | |