本文以臺灣各期科學與數學教育之課程目標作為主軸，探討臺灣科學與數學教育之脈絡以及未來之發展。本文以1945年開始談臺灣的科學教育，其間經過初創的過程，至1969年九年國民教育確立中小學學制後，科學與數學教育的改革與課程的演進分為：改革初階期（1969-1980年）、理論奠基期（1980-1992年）、教育革新期（1994-2000年）及九年一貫課程期（2001年-）等四個重大期程。而未來臺灣的科學教育將朝向：強化科學教育的理論、重視學生所習得的基本能力、調和人文與科學教育、十二年一貫科學教育及終身學習科學教育等五大趨勢發展。

The purpose of this paper is to exanimate the contexts and the development of science and mathematics education for the elementary and high schools in Taiwan based on the contents of curriculum. The basic infrastructure of science and mathematics education was built up between 1945 and 1969. After that, four phrases have been developed: reformation period (1969-1980), theoretical foundation period (1980-1992), revolution period (1994-2000) and grade 1-9 consistent curriculum period (2001-till now). Furthermore, the science and mathe matics education will keep going on 5 trends: (a) to upgrade the science and mathematics learning theory, (b) to promote student basic learning performance, (c) to harmonize humanity concerns and science learning, (d) to formulate the grade 1-12 consistent science and mathe-matics curriculum, (e) to keep a life-long science and mathematics learning for all.