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題名：簡明閱讀模式初探
書刊名：特教論壇
作者：林沛穎／林昱成
作者(外文)：Lin, Pei-ying／Lin, Yu-cheng
出版日期：2007
卷期：2
頁次：頁70-81
主題關鍵詞：簡明閱讀模式；識字；閱讀理解；聽覺理解；閱讀困難；Listening comprehension；Reading difficulties；Reading comprehension；Simple view of reading；Word recognition
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閱讀是人人必備的重要基本技能之一，在現今社會中，閱讀是個體的主要學習管道，舉凡食衣住行、課業學習、傳達訊息，無不依賴閱讀技能，也唯有透過閱讀和理解，我們才能將書中的文字或圖片以及知識加以轉化和吸收，進而豐富我們的視野和觀念。目前總計研究領域中，越來越受關注的理論是簡明閱讀模式(the Simple View of Reading) (Gough & Tunmer, 1986)，此模式主張閱讀理解能力與認字與聽覺理解能力所决定，有助於改善目前閱讀成分過於龐雜，診斷工具與程序未臻完善的情形。因此，若能明確掌握閱讀理解成分，將有助於未来教學者做有效的閱讀補救教學與診斷。職此之故，本文旨在讓教學者了解簡明閱讀模式，以分析學生個别的閱讀困難，提昇閱讀困難學生的認字和語言理解能力。
We are able to enrich our perspectives and ideas through reading activities. However, reading problems can cause the Matthew effects on students with reading difficulties. What's worse, the criteria for identification and diagnosis of reading difficulties are still debated and many reading components of reading are too complex to be followed. In addition, with complicated concepts of reading, educators have often encountered with obstacles to deliver effective and appropriate remedial instruction and assessments to students with reading difficulties. One of the most noticed theories is the Simple View of Reading, which proposed by Philip Gough and William Tunmer (1986). This reading model asserts that reading comprehension ability can be decomposed into two factors: word recognition and listening comprehension. It is possible to provide an explicit reading model as guideline for educators to evaluate the individual reading problems so as to improve the abilities of word recognition and language comprehension of poor readers.
期刊論文
1.洪蘭(20040400)。閱讀決定思想。教師天地，129，4-7。  延伸查詢new window
2.Fletcher, J. M.、Francis, D. J.、Shaywitz, S. E.、Lyon, G. R.、Foorman, B. R.、Stuebing, K. K.、Shaywitz, B. A.(1998)。Intelligent testing and the discrepancy model for children with learning disabilities。Learning Disabilities Research & Practice，13，186-203。  new window
3.Coltheart, Max、Curtis, Brent、Atkins, Paul、Haller, Michael(1993)。Models of Reading Aloud: Dual-route and Parallel-distributed-processing Approaches。Psychological Review，100(4)，589-608。  new window
4.Aaron, P. G.、Franz, S.、Manges, A.(1990)。Dissociation between pronunciation and comprehension in reading disabilities。Reading and writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal，3，1-22。  new window
5.Baddeley, Alan D.、Logie, Robert、Nimmo-Smith, Ian、Brereton, Neil(1985)。Components of fluent reading。Journal of Memory and Language，24(1)，119-131。  new window
6.Braze, D.、Tabor, W.、Shankweiler, D. P.、Mencl, W. E.(2007)。Speaking up for vocabulary: Reading skills differences in young adults。Journal of Learning Disabilities，40，226-243。  new window
7.Calfee, R.、Chambliss, M.(1988)。Beyond decoding: Pictures of expository prose。Annuals of Dyslexia，38，243-258。  new window
8.Catts, H. W.、Fey, M. E.、Proctor-Williams, K.(2000)。The relationship between language and reading: Preliminary results from a longitudinal investigation。Logopedics Phoniatrics Vocology，25(1)，3-11。  new window
9.Catts, H. W.、Hogan, T. P.、Fey, M. E.(2003)。Sub grouping poor readers on the basis of individual differences in reading-related abilities。Journal of Learning Disabilities，36(2)，151-164。  new window
10.Jackson, Mark D.、McClelland, James L.(1979)。Processing Determinants of Reading Speed。Journal of Experimental Psychology: General，108(2)，151-181。  new window
11.Max, H.、Jungmann, T.(2000)。Dependency of reading comprehension development on listening and basic reading skills: An examination of the Simple View of Reading。Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie，32(2)，81-93。  new window
12.McKeown, M. G.、Beck, I. L.、Omanson, R. C.、Popel, M. T.(1985)。Some effects of the nature and frequency of vocabulary instruction on the knowledge and use of words。Reading Research Quarterly，20(5)，522-535。  new window
13.Meyer, M. S.(2000)。The ability-achievement discrepancy: Does it contribute to an understanding of learning disabilities?。Educational Psychology Review，12，315-337。  new window
14.Palmer, John、MacLeod, Colin M.、Hunt, Earl、Davidson, Janet E.(1985)。Information processing correlates of reading。Journal of Memory and Language，24(1)，59-88。  new window
15.Savage, R. S.(2006)。The simple view of reading: some evidence and possible implications。Educational Psychology in Practice，17(1)，17-33。  new window
16.Siegel, L. S.(1992)。An evaluation of the discrepancy definition of dyslexia。Journal of Learning Disabilities，25，618-629。  new window
17.Tiu, R. D. Jr.、Thompson, L. A.、Lewis, B. A.(2003)。The role of IQ in a component model of reading。Journal of Learning Disabilities，36(5)，424-436。  new window
18.曾志朗(2003)。漢字閱讀：腦中現形記。科學人，20，70-73。new window  延伸查詢new window
19.Aaron, P. G.、Joshi, R. M.、Williams, K. A.(1999)。Not all reading disabilities are alike。Journal of Learning Disability，32(2)，120-137。  new window
20.Joshi, R. M.、Aaron, P. G.(2000)。The component model of reading: Simple view of reading made a little more complex。Reading Psychology，21(2)，85-97。  new window
21.Stedman, L. C.、Kaestle, C. E.(1987)。Literacy and reading performance in the United States, from 1880 to the present。Reading Research Quarterly，22，8-46。  new window
22.錡寶香(20010900)。國小低閱讀成就學生的口語述說能力：語言層面的分析。特殊教育學報，15，129-175。new window  延伸查詢new window
23.Stothard, S. E.、Hulme, C.(1992)。Reading comprehension difficulties in children: The role of language comprehension and working memory skills。Reading and Writing，4，245-256。  new window
24.吳訓生(20020800)。國小高、低閱讀理解能力學生閱讀理解策略之比較研究。特殊教育學報，16，65-104。new window  延伸查詢new window
25.Rayner, K.、Foorman, B. R.、Perfetti, C. A.、Pesetsky, D.、Seidenberg, M. S.(2002)。How should reading be taught。Scientific American，286(3)，84-91。  new window
26.Vinsonhaler, J. S.、Weinshank, A. B.、Wagner, C. C.、Polin, R. M.(1983)。Diagnosing children with educational problems: Characteristics of reading and learning disabilities specialists, and classroom teachers。Reading Research Quarterly，18(2)，134-164。  new window
27.Adlof, S. M.、Catts, H. W.、Little, T. D.(2006)。Should the simple view of reading include a fluency component?。Reading and Writing，19(9)，933-958。  new window
28.Gough, P. B.、Tunmer, W. E.(1986)。Decoding, reading, and reading disability。Remedial and Special Education，7(1)，6-10。  new window
29.Gough, P. B.、Hoover, W. A.(1990)。The Simple View of Reading。Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal，2(2)，127-160。  new window
會議論文
1.曾世杰(1996)。閱讀低成就學童與一般學童的閱讀歷程成分分析研究。八十五學年度師範學院教育學術論文發表會。臺東。  延伸查詢new window
2.Catts, H. W.、Hogan, T. P.、Adlof, S. M.、Barth, A. E.(2003)。The simple view of reading: Changes over time。The annual conference of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading。Boulder, CO.。  new window
研究報告
1.柯華葳(1993)。臺灣地區閱讀研究文獻回顧（1991-1992）。國立中正大學認知科學研究中心。  延伸查詢new window
2.胡志偉、顏乃欣(1992)。閱讀中文的心理歷程：80年代研究的回顧與展望。嘉義縣：國立中正大學認知研究中心。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Kershaw, S.(2005)。The relationship between oral comprehension and reading fluency as it relates to reading comprehension(碩士論文)。Florida State University。  new window
2.胡永崇(1995)。後設認知策略教學對國小閱讀障礙學童閱讀理解成效之研究(博士論文)。國立彰化師範大學。new window  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Singer, H.、Ruddell, R. B.(1985)。Theoretical models and processes of reading。Newark, DE：International Reading Association。  new window
2.Catts, H. W.、Kamhi, A. G.(2005)。Language and reading disabilities。Boston：Allyn & Bacon。  new window
3.洪蘭、李俊仁(2004)。生命教育身心科學手冊。臺北：教育部。  延伸查詢new window
4.楊坤堂(2000)。學習障礙兒童。臺北：五南。  延伸查詢new window
5.Carr, T. H.、Levy, B. A.(1990)。Reading and Development: Component skills approaches。NY：Academic Press。  new window
6.Patterson, K.、Coltheart, M.、Marshall, J. C.(1985)。Surface dyslexia。Hillsdale, NJ：Erlbaum。  new window
7.Yuill, N.、Oakhill, J. V.(1991)。Children's problems in text comprehension: An experimental investigation。Cambridge University Press。  new window
8.Aaron, P. G.、Joshi, R. M.(1992)。Reading Problems: Consultation and Remediation。New York：The Guilford Press。  new window
9.American Psychiatry Association(1994)。Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders。Washington, DC：American Psychiatric Association。  new window
10.Hallahan, D. P.、Kauffman, J. M.、Lloyd, J. W.(2005)。Learning disabilities: Foundations, characteristics, and effective teaching。Allyn & Bacon。  new window
11.Lerner, J.(2003)。Learning Disabilities: Theories, diagnosis and teaching strategies。Houghton Mifflin。  new window
12.柯華葳(1999)。閱讀理解困難篩選測驗指導手冊。行政院國家科學委員會。  延伸查詢new window
13.錡寶香(2006)。兒童語言障礙--理論、評量與教學。臺北市：心理出版社。  延伸查詢new window
14.Carroll, John B.(1993)。Human cognitive abilities: a survey of factor-analytic studies。Cambridge University Press。  new window
15.陳美芳(2000)。語文理解能力測驗。國立臺灣師範大學心理與教育測驗研究發展中心。  延伸查詢new window
其他
1.Davis, M.(2006)。The Simple View of Reading，http://wwwxoreknowledge.org/CK/about/CommonKnowledge/v19II_2006/v19_II_2006_simpleviewofreading.htm。  new window
2.Wren, S.(2006)。The Simple View of Reading: R=DxC，http://www.balancedreading.eom/simple.html。  new window
圖書論文
1.Carr, T. H.、Brown, T. L.、Vavrus, L. G.、Evans, M. A.(1990)。Cognitive skill maps and cognitive skill profiles: Componential analysis of individual differences in children's reading efficiency。Reading and its development: component skills approaches。Academic Press Inc.。  new window
2.Athey, I.(1985)。Language models and reading。Theoretical models and processes of readings。Newark, DE：International Reading Association。  new window
3.Carlisle, J. F.、Rice, M. S.(2004)。Assessment of reading comprehension。Handbook of language and literacy。NY：Guilford。  new window
4.Crain, S.(1989)。Why poor readers misunderstand spoken sentences。Phonology and Reading Disability: Solving the Reading Puzzle。Ann Arbor, MI：University of Michigan Press。  new window
5.Dreyer, L. G.、Katz, L.(1992)。An examination of "The simple view of reading"。Literacy research, theory and practice: Views from many perspectives。Washington, DC：National Reading Conference。  new window
6.Levy, B. A.、Carr, T. H.(1990)。Component process analysis: Conclusions and challenges。Reading and its development: Component skills analysis。New York：Academic Press。  new window
7.Perfetti, C. A.、Hart, L.(2002)。The lexical quality hypothesis。Theory and practice of early reading。Hillsdale, NJ：Erlbaum。  new window
8.Shaywitz, B. A.、Shaywitz, S. E.(1994)。Learning disabilities and attention disorders。Principles of pediatric neurology。St. Louis, MO：Mosby。  new window
9.Stothard, S. E.(1994)。The nature and treatment of reading comprehension difficulties in children。Reading development and dyslexia。Lodon：Whurr。  new window
10.Tunmer, W. E.、Hoover, W. A.(1992)。Cognitive and linguistic factors in learning to read。Reading Acquisition。Lawrence Erlbaum Associates。  new window
11.Cunningham, Anne E.、Stanovich, Keith E.、Wilson, Mark R.(1990)。Cognitive variation in adult college students differing in reading ability。Reading and its development: Component skills approaches。Academic Press。  new window
12.Carts, H. W.、Hogan, T. P.、Adlof, S. M.(2005)。Developmental changes in reading and reading disabilities。Connections between language and reading disabilities。Erlbaum。  new window
 
 
 
 
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