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題名:校園生物棲地環境指標之建構研究
書刊名:臺中教育大學學報. 數理科技類
作者:吳勝斌劉惠元林明瑞 引用關係
作者(外文):Wu, Sheng-binLiu, Hui-yuenLin, Ming-ray
出版日期:2008
卷期:22:1
頁次:頁1-27
主題關鍵詞:生物棲地環境指標環境教育校園生物多樣性BiotopeEnvironmental indicatorEnvironmental educationCampusBiodiversity
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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「校園生物棲地」環境之經營是維持校園生物多樣性及生態平衡最有效的方法,擁有生物棲地的校園也是進行自然保育教學的最佳環境。本研究透過對十二位專家學者進行訪談並現地踏勘十二所國小校園,發現符合生物多樣性及環境教育所需的校園環境應要符合(1)營造多樣化的棲地環境,(2)種植本土多樣性的生物食草與蜜源植物,(3)採行低度的管理措施,(4)推行環境教育等4要件。本研究邀請十二位專家,針對校園生物棲地(Biotope)之棲地環境指標進行專家德懷術問卷調查,建構完成的指標包含永續綠校園政策與實施、荒野觀察區、草地、花圃、喬灌木樹叢、水域(包含水池與溪流)等六面向,共計60個指標。整體而言,本指標希望學校能在校園中以適當比例面積規劃設置各類生物棲地,並能種植多樣化的生物食草,以及種植本土多樣化的誘鳥、誘蝶植物,校園更應進行低頻度的管理措施(減少除草次數、落葉適度清掃、盡量不使用農藥),將校園圍牆盡量修建爲低矮的多孔隙綠籬圍牆,自然能夠吸引生物前來。校園內的水域環境,應注意水的循環,種植多樣化適量的沈水、漂浮與挺水植物,並擺設成多孔隙的環境,以利水生生物生存。校方應指派專人紀錄與維護校園內的生物資源,教師們並能利用校園內的生物資源進行環境教育,教導孩子愛護各種生物,共同維護校園環境,避免給校園內的生物過多的騷擾,依循上述作法,相信必能將校園經營成爲進行環境教育的最佳園地,也就是優良的生物棲地。
The management of <||>Campus Biotopes<||> environment is the most effective method to maintain the biodiversity and ecological balance in the campus. On the other hand, the campus with Biotopes is also the best place to carry out nature conservation education. By interviewing experts and scholars and investigating elementary schools on the spot, it was found that the campus environment which was consistent with biodiversity and suitable for environmental education should possess the following conditions: (1) building the diverse biotopes environment; (2) growing indigenous diverse biological grasses and nectariferous plants; (3) taking low management measures; (4) implementing environmental education. A 12-experts panel Delphi questionnaire survey on the environment indexes of campus Biotopes was conducted. There were 60 indicators, involved in six categories being built: the policies and implementation for sustainable green campus, wilderness observation area, lawn, flower nursery garden, arbor and bush bosk, and waters (inclusive of ponds and rivulets). Overall, these indicators being set up was expected to guide that schools could plan a proper proportion of area on campus to set up the biotopes for various creatures, and could grow diverse biological grasses and the indigenous plants that could lure birds and butterflies. The schools should also take low management measures (such as reducing the frequentcy of weeding, fallen leaves being properly swept, trying not to use pesticides). If the campus was surrounded by low hedge walls, the living creatures would be naturally attracted. For the environment of waters in the campus, the circulation of water was very important; meanwhile, a certain amount of diverse submerging, floating and emerging plants should be grown; moreover, the porous water environment would benefit the survival of aquatic creatures. The schools ought to specially assign one or some workers to record and maintain the biological resources of campus. The teachers should imbue students with the concept of environment based on the biological resources of campus, instructed them to take good care of various living creatures, and jointly safeguarded the environment in the school yard, in order to avoid overfull disturbance the creatures in the campus. With the measures mentioned above, it was believed that campus management would surely make schools become the best place to implement the environmental education and were the good biotopes.
期刊論文
1.Davis, J.(1998)。Young children, environmental education, and the future。Early childhood education Journal,26(2),117-123。  new window
2.吳宗憲(20020600)。生態教育園棲地營造理論的實踐--田心生態教育園建造經驗。造園季刊,43,61-64。  延伸查詢new window
3.張文賢(20021200)。跪地聞花香--與中研生態池的交心之旅。造園季刊,44/45,69-80。  延伸查詢new window
4.楊平世、李蕙宇(19990500)。生態教育園的經營理念與設計。環境科學技術教育專刊,16,92-117。  延伸查詢new window
5.Mitsch, W. J.、Wilaon, R. F.(1996)。Improving the Success of Wetland Creation and Restoration with Know-how, Time and Self-design。Ecological Application,6(1),77-83。  new window
6.Raps, A. F.(1973)。Delphi: a strategy for decision implementation。Educational Planning,1(2),10-28。  new window
7.Sara, A. O.、Margareta, I.(1998)。A methodological study for biotope and landscape mapping based on CIR aerial photographs。Landscape and Urban Planning,41,183-192。  new window
8.Steytler, N. S.、Samways, M. J.(1995)。Biotope selection by adult male pragonflies (Odonata) at an artificial lake created for insect conservation in south Africa。Biological Conservation,72,381-386。  new window
9.Wadeson, R. A.、Rowntree, K. M.(1998)。Application of Hydraulic Biotope concept to the Classification of inseam Habitat。J. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management,1,143-157。  new window
10.Wilson, R. A.(1993)。The importance of environmental education at the early childhood level。Environmental education and information,12(1),15-24。  new window
11.周儒(19930100)。環境教育的規劃與設計。環境教育季刊,16,17-25。  延伸查詢new window
12.王佩蓮(20000400)。國小環境教育檢核表之探討。臺北市立師範學院學報,31,319-346。  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.吳文德、周儒(2001)。營造有意義的校園學習棲地。綠色學校伙伴研討會,55-62。  延伸查詢new window
2.吳勝斌、劉惠元、林明瑞(2004)。中部地區國小校園生物棲地現況探查與分析。2004年中華民國環境教育學術研討會。  延伸查詢new window
3.吳勝斌、劉惠元、林明瑞(2005)。校園生物棲地(Biotope) 環境指標建構之研究。2005 年中華民國環境教育學術研討會。  延伸查詢new window
4.Sebba, R.(1986)。Architecture as Determining the Child's Place in its School。The Edusystems 2000 international Congress on Educational Facilities。Jerusalem, Israel。284-367。  new window
學位論文
1.李蕙宇(2001)。生態園之水棲生物棲地營造(碩士論文)。國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.吳文德(2001)。營造校園學習棲地進行校園環境教育之行動研究--以台北市溪山國小為例(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.吳勝斌(2005)。校園生物棲地環境指標建構之研究(碩士論文)。臺中師範學院。  延伸查詢new window
4.邱小芬(2003)。台南市國民小學校園植栽、相關教學設施與綠地面積現況調查(碩士論文)。國立臺南大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Tutty, L. M.、Rothery, M. A.、Grinnell, R. M., Jr.(1996)。Qualitative Research for Social Workers。Boston, MA:Allyn and Bacon。  new window
2.彭國棟(2003)。營造生意盎然的生態水池。南投縣:行政院農業委員會特有生物保育中心。  延伸查詢new window
3.楊平世、李蕙宇(1998)。悠遊自然校園生態園操作手冊。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
4.Thompson, G. F.、Steiner, F. R.(1997)。Ecological design and planning。New York:John Wiley & Sons。  new window
5.林憲德(1999)。城鄉生態。台北:詹氏書局。  延伸查詢new window
6.Ford, P. M.(1981)。Principles and practices of outdoor/environmental education。John Wiley & Sons。  new window
圖書論文
1.陳建志(2000)。活潑校園生態環境。「八十九年度國小自然科學研習班」講義。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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