In developing and writing this paper, how to narrate ”Taiwan literary history” has provoked much discussion among academia in both Taiwan and China. Among different ideologies behind the discussion contradiction and friction arise. To expound the diversity and conflict among different narratives, it is necessary to contextualize them in the historical and contemporary circumstances, in order to thoroughly examine and criticize the narratives from both China and Taiwan.This paper first traces the emergence of the concept-”Taiwan literature,” then describes how the ”Taiwan literary histories” are narrated and practiced in the historical conditions in Taiwan and in China, in order to clarify the limitation underlying in different ideologies. Finally, I will focus on the important writers of literary history, whom I will examine and criticize, to deliberate upon the difficulties of literary history.The emergence of the term-”Taiwan literature” can be traced back to the literature of Taiwan during the Japanese-ruling period and is influenced by the cultural thinking at that time. In 1943, Huang Der-shih(黃得時) took such thinking into actual words. Experiencing the devastation and imprisonment in the wartime and Martial Law period, ”Taiwan Literature” has been neglected and treated as part of Chinese literature. It is not until 1970s that, with the revival of Taiwanese consciousness, Chen Shao-ting(陳少廷) and others started to restore the historical appearance of ”Taiwan literary history” during the Japanese-ruling period. Since 1980s, under the endeavor of Yeh Shih-tao(葉石濤) and others, the existence of ”Taiwan literary history” is confirmed and established with its own literary and value system, which is unattached to Chinese literature.The narratives of Taiwan literary history in China starts from 1980s under the United Front Policy. There are dozens of publication related to Taiwan literary history, which are expressed with narrow view. It is worthy to notice that, starting from 2000s, Chen Ying-chen(陳映真), Lu Cheng-hui(呂正惠) and other Taiwanese writers and scholars have apparently become the narrators of Taiwan literary history cater to the taste of China nowadays. Do these two people show their broad vision? As evidenced, they are delighted to endeavor their effort and make their writings of Taiwan literary history based on the China's political viewpoint. Although the underlying ideologies in these narrative viewpoints are doubtable, there are still deserved to have further discussion.