After the World War Ⅱ, a great deal of population migrated from China to Taiwan accompanying various public health problems. Despite infectious diseases like pulmonary TB increased and caused high mortality rates, no reliable reporting system and stable medical resources to ease the chaos due to the war damages. Until May, 1947, the authorities to charge of public health affairs was re-built and started to carry out the mission of TB prevention. Beside the establishment of governmental institutions, foreign aids played an important role to provide necessary assistance for the TB prevention project in Taiwan. The accomplishment in administration and medical resources eventually pushed the preventive plans islandwide. Since the majority of TB patients were pulmonary cases, the pulmonary TB obviously became the main target in the preventive activities. By the end of 1949, Taiwan finally received foreign aids including medical resources and the trainings of the TB preventive personnel that were especially channeled by JCRR. During the early stage of applying foreign aids, the public health authorities tried to carry out tuberculin test and to inject BCG. Under "the supports of the public health bureau and JCRR", the prevention of TB. diseases in the countries could he continually advanced. There were still three problems about the Prevention of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the countries as followings: 1. The knowledge and the medical technique of the prevention of pulmonary TB diseases hardly worked in coordination. 2. The stortage and the poor quality of manpower were the obvious problem in the TB prevention. 3. Because there was the connection which had broken down partially in the organizations of the TB prevention, the promotion of the public health matters were affected by the same reason.