ABSTRACT Traditional houses have their separate vicissitudes under the same impact of modern society. Among three ethnic groups on the highlands of Sumatra, Batak Toba and Minangkabau still keep amounts of traditional houses, yet Batak Karo’s traditional houses are decreasing rapidly. It is hypothesized that different vicissitudes of house types might attribute to their typological adaptabilities. The causes of the adaptability are not only from the social, economic, and cultural contexts, but also the architecture, part of which was the spatial form, part of which was the construction language. This study attempts to analyze the construction acts of these three house types in order to find their embedded adaptabilities through reconstructing their building process with referring to their spatial form. Construction hierarchy, construction loop, and size limit of construction member, caused by spatial form, are finally concluded to be the three factors that dominated the typological adaptabilities of house construction.