Mencius (372-289 B.C.) claimed that ”human nature is good”, the notion of a ”moral heart” is the metaphysical explanation of this claim by contemporary Neo-Confucianism. Contemporary Neo-Confucianists like Xu Fuguang (1903-1982), Tang Junyi (1909-1978) and Mou Zongsan (1909-1995) all interpret the ”good human nature” of Mencius as a ”moral heart”. But the heart that Mencius talks about has no definite direction as we would expect from a heart that has a clear moral orientation. This discrepancy of meaning shows that the contemporary Neo-Confucianist interpretation cannot be reconciled with the original text. This has already been pointed out by the Qing times scholar Jiao Xun (1765-1814) and it is possible to trace the gradual change of meaning throughout history. This paper will directly confront the Book of Mencius with its contemporary Neo-Confucian interpreters to point out the philosophical differences between the two.