本文考察1994年ILO第175號部分工時勞動公約及日本國內法關於部分工時勞動之解釋和立法的發展，同時也檢討我國部分工時勞動的現狀及均等待遇的問題。其中發現：部分工時勞動是一個良好的就業型態，但我國存有部分工時勞工與全時勞工之間勞動條件不均等的狀況，有待司法和立法之援助。同時，日本雖然未批准該公約，但其部分工時勞動政策發展已向該公約所揭示之國際基準接近，特別是在疑似部分工時勞工之歧視待遇的禁止及為促進其他類型部分工時勞工之均衡待遇所規定之各項努力義務、措施義務、顧慮義務及與全時勞動之勞動型態的轉換措施義務等，並成為行政指導的依據。ILO部分工時勞動公約及日本勞動法政策將是臺灣擬定部分工時勞動政策的重要參考。

This paper is analyze the ILO Convention No. 175 on Part-Time Work in 1994, the development of interpretation and legislation over the part-time work in Japan as well as the corresponding issues in Taiwan. This paper has two conclusions. (1) Part-time work is a good employment model, but Part-time workers' work conditions are not as well ensured as full-time workers. (2) Part-time workers' work conditions should be ensured by the judicial interpretation and legislation. This paper regards the ILO Convention No. 175 and the Japanese policy on labor laws as significant references for the policy-making on part-time work in Taiwan.