On historical studies, we have many ideas to understand. From "Past" to "Now", we always reflect and rethink history and are always used to having modem ways to recreate history. In many topic of subjects, like literature, economy, religion and culture, no matter what kinds of subjects they are, we should obey the mica when we research. This is the fundamental methodology. There are many kinds of subjects about history in the 20 (superscript th) century. In the field about New Cultural History, Post-Modernism History or Microhistory, by historical methodology, we should have common ways to track. The basic theory was made by the famous German historian in the 19 (superscript th) century-Lcopole von Ranke (1795-l886). He defined the historical study by "Win es eigentlich gewesen" and on this definition, people know the basic methodology about history. What is history? History is not only the "fact", but also the "truth". The most important idea is how to represent and interpret history. To this idea, it presents many spheres about history. When we research a subject in history, we shall obey its theory and prove the existence and truth as Science. Ranke's theory also influences the development of modem history, even the Chinese historical methodology in the East. This is Ranke's great contribution to history. By Ranke's idea, we understand: History is a subject of science and a serious study. This is also a significant step for historical progression.