The participants of this study were undergraduate students currently enrolled at Taipei Physical Education College (TPEC) in Taipei, Taiwan. The study aimed to understand the differences of these students’ motivations of enrollment and learning, and to analyze the differences of their enrollment motivations by their different backgrounds. Besides, it also aimed to explore the relationships between enrollment motivations and learning motivations among these students. Framed by survey research, the study used the questionnaire of “Enrollment Motivation and Learning Motivation of Taipei Physical Education College Students” and 680 questionnaires were administered to the participants selected through the stratified random sampling method. With 95.3% percentage recovery, 648 questionnaires were analyzed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA with Scheffe’s method, and Pearson product-moment correlation to investigate the differences and relationships of students’ enrollment motivation and learning motivation. The conclusions of the study consisted of these following items: The enrollment motivations and learning motivations of TPEC students were generally shown as a medium level. The students with different genders, numbers of siblings, departments, levels of job willingness, recruiting channels, and statuses showed differences in enrollment motivation. The students with different genders, departments, family incomes, levels of job willingness, recruiting channels, statuses, future developments showed differences in learning motivation. The enrollment motivation and learning motivation of TPEC students showed significant correlations. The study proposed some suggestions that the instructors, students’ guidance office, and administrators should provide supports and assistances to those students with lower enrollment motivation and learning motivation. Hopefully, each TPEC student has high enrollment motivation as well as learning motivation.